Costa Rica
Checklist of Endemic Amphibian Species
This list of amphibian species found exclusively in Costa Rica is based on the taxonomy used in Frost (2004). For further details on possible inaccuracies in the list see Sources & Caveats.
Frost, D.R. (2004) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. 3.0 (22 August 2004). American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
The current version of this electronic database is accessible here
x = extinct
Atelopus senex (Anura - Bufonidae) Pass Stubfoot Toad
Bufo holdridgei x (Anura - Bufonidae) Holdridge's Toad
Bufo periglenes x (Anura - Bufonidae) Golden Toad
Phyllobates vittatus (Anura - Dendrobatidae) Golfo Dulce Poison-dart Frog
Agalychnis annae (Anura - Hylidae) Blue-sided Leaf Frog
Duellmanohyla rufioculis (Anura - Hylidae)
Hyla xanthosticta (Anura - Hylidae) South Fork Treefrog
Eleutherodactylus angelicus (Anura - Leptodactylidae) Angel Robber Frog
Eleutherodactylus cuaquero (Anura - Leptodactylidae) Puntarenas Robber Frog
Eleutherodactylus escoces (Anura - Leptodactylidae) Heredia Robber Frog
Eleutherodactylus fleischmanni (Anura - Leptodactylidae) Fleischmann's Robber Frog
Eleutherodactylus persimilis (Anura - Leptodactylidae)
Eleutherodactylus phasma (Anura - Leptodactylidae)
Eleutherodactylus rayo (Anura - Leptodactylidae) Sabana Robber Frog
Eleutherodactylus tigrillo (Anura - Leptodactylidae)
Bolitoglossa alvaradoi (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Alvarado's Salamander
Bolitoglossa cerroensis (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Millville Mushroomtongue Salamander
Bolitoglossa diminuta (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Quebrada Valverde Salamander
Bolitoglossa epimela (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Tapanti Mushroomtongue Salamander
Bolitoglossa gracilis (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Rio Quiri Salamander
Bolitoglossa nigrescens (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Black Web-footed Salamander
Bolitoglossa pesrubra (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Red-footed Climbing Salamander
Bolitoglossa sooyorum (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Cordillera Talamanca Salamander
Bolitoglossa subpalmata (Caudata - Plethodontidae) La Palma Salamander
Nototriton abscondens (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Isla Bonita Moss Salamander
Nototriton gamezi (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Monteverde Moss Salamander
Nototriton guanacastae (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Volcan Cacao Moss Salamander
Nototriton major (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Plantanillo Gorge Salamander
Nototriton picadoi (Caudata - Plethodontidae) La Estrella Salamander
Nototriton richardi (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Richard's Moss Salamander
Nototriton tapanti (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Tapanti Moss Salamander
Oedipina altura (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Cartago Worm Salamander
Oedipina carablanca (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Los Diamantes Worm Salamander
Oedipina paucidentata (Caudata - Plethodontidae) El Empalme Worm Salamander
Oedipina poelzi (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Quarry Worm Salamander
Dermophis costaricense (Gymnophiona - Caeciliidae) Costa Rican Caecilian
Dermophis occidentalis (Gymnophiona - Caeciliidae) San Jose Caecilian
Oscaecilia osae (Gymnophiona - Caeciliidae) Airstrip Caecilian
Additional endemic amphibian species that were recognized as distinct species too recently to be included in Frost (2004) are given below. This list is primarily based on information from the IUCN Red List (here) and the current version of the Amphibian Species of the World database (here) and includes species described through 2008. In addition to the 38 endemic amphibian species listed above, these additional 7 species total 45 species of amphibians known solely from Costa Rica.
Crepidophryne chompipe (Anura - Bufonidae) 2007
Crepidophryne guanacaste (Anura - Bufonidae) 2007
Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum (Anura - Centrolenidae) Starrett's Glass Frog 1973
Craugastor andi (Anura - Craugastoridae) Atlantic Robber Frog 1974
Bolitoglossa obscura (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Tapantí Giant Salamander 2005
Bolitoglossa tica (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Tico Salamander 2008
Oedipina uniformis (Caudata - Plethodontidae) Cienega Colorado Worm Salamander 1868