Egypt

Mammals found only in Egypt include Flower's White-toothed Shrew (GBIF) (p. 33 of World Bank pdf) and the Egyptian Pygmy White-toothed Shrew (ResearchGate). The Egyptian Weasel (ARKive WM) is sometimes considered a full species distinct from the Least Weasel. The Pale Gerbil (ARKive WM) is also frequently recognized as an endemic species.

Reptiles unique to Egypt include the Egyptian Egg-eating Snake Dasypeltis bazi (Reptile Database), the Obscure Cobra Naja obscura (OpenEditions Books), the Mount Sinai Lizard Mesalina bahaeldini (iNaturalist), and the Bishari Dwarf Gecko Tropiocolotes bisharicus (ARKive WM) (iNaturalist).

The Nile Valley Toad (IUCN) (Egypt's Biodiversity) is an endemic amphibian.

Freshwater fish exclusive to Egypt include Coptodon ismailiaensis (GBIF), Oreochromis ismailiaensis (GBIF), and two undescribed species of Haplochromis (p. 10 of worldfish.de WM pdf and p. 10 of worldfish.de WM pdf).

Marine fish known only from Egyptian waters include a jawfish Stalix davidsheni (FishBase), the gobies Hetereleotris semisquamata (GBIF) and Tomiyamichthys dorsostigma (FishBase), a dragonet Diplogrammus gruveli (ResearchGate), the Softcoral Sea Horse Hippocampus debelius (FishBase) (IUCN), the Sinai Goatfish Parupeneus sinai (FishBase), a wormfish Paragunnellichthys springeri (fig. 14.7g on p. 15 of reef.org pdf), a sweeper Parapriacanthus sharm (FishBase), a sole Aseraggodes macronasus (FishBase), a moray Uropterygius genie (GBIF), the Slender Blenny Adelotremus leptus (GBIF), Bauchot's Stargazer (BHL), and the Alexandrine Torpedo (p. 27 of NIOF pdf).

Endemic insects include the Sinai Baton Blue (IUCN) (leps.it), the Sinai Hairstreak (Egypt's Biodiversity), the moths Meganola gallicola (BOLD) and Autoba beraudi (p. 65 of EAJBSA pdf), the grasshoppers Sphodromerus atakanus (OSF) and Crinita nigripes (p. 16 of EAJBSA pdf), the ants Tetramorium salwae (Ants of Egypt WM) and Cataglyphis agostii (AntWiki), the bees Amegilla argophenax (zobodat pdf) and Anthophora shoumarae (figs. 43-45 at EAJBSA pdf), a digger wasp Philanthus pulawskii (GBIF), the ground beetles Laemostenus sinaiticus (ResearchGate) and Clivina kochi (GBIF), the longhorned beetles Agapanthia fadli and Crossotomus tamer (both on p. 15 of SSNR WM pdf), a rove beetle Micrillus aegyptiacus (p. 32 of naturkundemuseum-bw.de WM pdf), the diving beetles Hygrotus natrun (Zobodat pdf) and Copelatus ibrahimi (p. 90 of EBBSoc pdf), a leaf beetle Coptocephala dilatipes (Smithsonian), a skin beetle Thorictus munganasti (dermestidae.com WM), an ant flower beetle Anthelephila alfierii (p. 15 of EAJBSA pdf), a weevil Cionus laibalei (GBIF), and a bee fly Thyridanthrax elegansoides (GBIF).

Additional endemic invertebrates include a flattie spider Selenops bastet (araneae), a wolf spider Hogna sinaia (fig. 222 at naturalsciences.be pdf), a ladybird spider Eresus pharaonis (BHL), a centipede Asanada sinaitica (BHL), the scorpions Microbuthus flavorufus (CalPhotos) and Leiurus aegyptiacus (Scorpion Files) and Buthus adrianae (museoscienzebergamo.it WM pdf), the solifuges Barrus letourneiai (BHL) and Galeodes sericeus (BHL), a freshwater shrimp Palaemon migratorius (GBIF), an earthworm Gordiodrilus siwaensis (BHL), the freshwater snails Pettancylus pallaryi (IUCN) (figs. 12-14 at BHL) and Pettancylus lhotelleriei (IUCN) (figs. 15-21 at BHL), and a freshwater mussel Chambardia letourneuxi (MUSSELp). Two families of flatworms, the Ditremageniidae (Marine Species WM) (ZSL) and the Opisthogeniidae (WoRMS) (Turbellarian Taxonomic Database), are known only by single type specimens collected in the Suez Canal in 1924.

Egypt's 31 endemic species of vascular plants (ResearchGate) include Golden Wickweed Phlomis aurea (Egypt's Biodiversity) (IUCN), the Sinai Primrose Evotrochis involucrata (POWO), the Sinai Wild Rose Rosa arabica (IUCN) (iNaturalist), Pancratium arabicum (Rufford), an oregano Origanum isthmicum (Flora of Israel), a henbane Hyoscyamus boveanus (POWO), Astragalus fresenii (POWO) (iNaturalist), Anarrhinum pubescens (IUCN), Bufonia multiceps (IUCN) (iNaturalist), the campions Silene oreosinaica (ResearchGate) and Silene leucophylla (iNaturalist) and Silene schimperiana (p. 26 of Rufford pdf), Euphorbia obovata (IUCN) (iNaturalist), Sonchus macrocarpus (p. 11 of Springer pdf), Allium mareoticum and Anthemus microsperma (both on p. 9 of Springer pdf), Echinops taeckholmianus (p. 10 of Springer pdf), Micromeria serbaliana (iNaturalist), Ballota kaiseri (JSTOR), a saltbush Atriplex nilotica (GBIF), and Tephrosia kassasii (JSTOR).

Fungi known only from Egypt include Chaetopsina aquatica (Phytotaxa) (PLAZI). Endemic non-vascular plants include a moss Tortula kneuckeri (GBIF).

Portions of Egypt are included in the Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots WM) and the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden coral reef hotspot (Columbia Univ. WM pdf). For more information on Egypt's natural history and ecosystems see (Egypt's Biodiversity). Endemic spider species are indicated at (Internet Archive).