Guyana
Reptiles
unique to
Guyana includes a snail-eating snake Dipsas pakaraima (Philippe
Kok), an endemic snake genus Paikwaophis (ResearchGate), Stejneger's Worm Lizard Amphisbaena stejnegeri
(AMNH
WM pdf),
Kathleen's
Treerunner Plica
kathleenae (Wikispecies),
a gecko
Gonatodes
timidus (ResearchGate),
and the endemic lizard genera Kaieteurosaurus
(ResearchGate
pdf)
and Pantepuisaurus
(ResearchGate). The lizards Yanomamia
guianensis (Philippe
Kok) and Yanomamia
hoogmoedi (ResearchGate)
also represent an endemic genus (ResearchGate).
A lizard
formerly known as Echinosaura
sulcarostrum
(Species
New to Science) has now been placed in the
endemic genus Rheosaurus
(ResearchGate).
Amphibians known solely from Guyana include the Groete Creek
Carrying Frog Stefania
evansi (flickr)
(iNaturalist),
Warren's Tree Frog Tepuihyla
warreni (p. 5
of Phyllomedusa
pdf), Lutz's Thin-toed Frog
Adenomera
lutzi
(iNaturalist)
(Philippe
Kok), the Golden Rocket Frog Anomaloglossus beebei (iNaturalist),
the
Jester Rain Frog Pristimantis
jester (Species
New to Science), the Thimble Frog Allobates
amissibilis (Mongabay),
the
Kamana Falls Emerald-barred Frog
Ceuthomantis smaragdinus (AmphibiaWeb), Seegobin's Tepui Toad Oreophrynella
seegobini
(AmphibiaWeb),
Adelophryne patamona
(ResearchGate),
and the caecilians Rhinatrema shiv (ResearchGate)
and Microcaecilia
iwokramae (Europe
PMC pdf). The Kanaima Tree Frog Nesorohyla kanaima (Philippe
Kok) is an endemic genus.
The freshwater fish fauna is exceptionally rich in species found
nowhere else including several endemic genera: a cichlid Mazarunia (Cichlid
Room Companion), a pencilfish Derhamia (FishBase),
a
characin Acanthocharax
(FishBase),
a South American darter Skiotocharax
(ResearchGate),
a
bluntnose knifefish Akawaio
(Species
New to Science), and several armored catfishes: Corymbophanes
(ResearchGate),
Yaluwak (ResearchGate),
and Paulasquama
(PlanetCatfish).
Other endemic freshwater fish include the Dawn Tetra (FishBase),
the Potaro Tetra (IUCN),
a pacu Paramyloplus taphorni
(ResearchGate),
the Bigspot Characin (FishBase), a scrapetooth Apareiodon agmatos (ResearchGate), the
Potaro Dwarf Cichlid (FishBase),
the Blackstripe
Pencilfish (Seriously
Fish),
Freeman's Tube-snouted Ghost Knifefish (PLAZI), a killifish Laimosemion
torrenticola (It
Rains Fish), and several catfish: Corydoras
potaroensis (ScotCat),
Bunocephalus
chamaizelus (BHL),
Denticetopsis iwokrama
(FLMNH),
Myoglanis potaroensis (FishBase), and
Sturisoma monopelte
(PlanetCatfish). The giant fish Arapaima arapaima (p. 1 of FMNH pdf) is known only from Guyana by some taxonomies.
Insects found only in Guyana include a metalmark butterfly Mesosemia
pakaraima (BioOne),
the nymphalid butterflies
Euptychia
roraima (ResearchGate)
and Oxeoschistus
romeo (fig. 4 at BHL), the skippers Aguna lata (figs. 31-32 at Insecta Mundi pdf) and Damas zea (figs. 211-212 at Insecta Mundi pdf), a damselfly Metaleptobasis
tetragena (BHL),
a mantis Liturgusa
guyanensis (ZooKeys),
a lace bug
Paraceratotingis henryi
(ZooKeys),
a stink bug Brachystethus
schuhi (GBIF),
a longhorn beetle Asynapteron
eburnigerum (Cerambycidae
Species WM), the scarabs Deltochilum
jocelynae (GBIF)
and Saprositellus
kenodontus (fig. 24 at ResearchGate),
a net-winged beetle Lycomorphon
iwokrama (GBIF),
a predacious water beetle Hydrodessus
phyllisae (Google
Books), a cockroach Dendroblatta litura
(GBIF),
a
masked bee Hylaeus
lychnis (GBIF),
and the ants Lachnomyrmex
platynodus (AntWiki)
and Pheidole microgyna
(AntWiki).
Other
endemic invertebrates include a jumping spider Corythalia ricta (PLAZI),
a
tarantula Ephebopus
foliatus (Birdspiders.com
WM),
a huntsman spider Sparianthina
rufescens (GBIF),
a goblin spider Scaphiella
kartabo (AMNH WM),
a curtain web spider Masteria
guyanensis (GBIF),
a scorpion Ananteris
michaelae (ZOBODAT
pdf), the harvestmen Mazarunius
oedipus (fig. 60 at UFRJ
pdf) and Neogovea
branstetteri (GBIF),
the freshwater crabs Microthelphusa
meansi (GBIF)
and Microthelphusa
furcifer (GBIF),
a velvet worm Macroperipatus
guianensis (BHL),
and the land snails Drymaeus
selli (GBIF)
and Streptartemon
demerarensis (Internet
Archive).
Vascular plant species known exclusively from Guyana include a
bromeliad Aechmea
brassicoides (FCBS
WM), Carapa akuri (ResearchGate),
the Clump Wallaba Dicymbe
altsonii (Tropical
Fungi), Dicymbe
jenmanii (Tropical
Fungi), Anetanthus
disjuncta (ResearchGate),
Philodendron ayangannense
and Philodendron
kaiteurense (both at IAS
WM),
Vouacapoua macropetala
(JSTOR),
Raveniopsis microphyllus
(PhytoKeys),
Sacoglottis perryi
(GBIF),
an orchid Sobralia
pakaraimense (ResearchGate),
Myrcia extranea
(GBIF),
Hibiscus marioniae
(PhytoKeys),
Miconia angustidentata
(ResearchGate),
Boyania kenwurdackii
(ResearchGate),
and
Eschweilera
fanshawei (GBIF).
Endemic vascular plant genera include Lampadaria (gesneriads.info), Tryssophyton (ZooKeys), Pteridocalyx (ResearchGate), Maguireanthus (BHL), Thysanostemon (GBIF), Ochthephilus (GBIF) (ResearchGate), Potarophytum (fig. 1f at Wiley pdf), Windsorina (GBIF), Whittonia (PlantSystematics.org WM), Pibiria (ResearchGate), and Maburea (GBIF) (Flora of the Guianas).
Endemic
fungi include Amanita
fulvoalba (ResearchGate),
Squamanita guyanensis
(ResearchGate),
and Guyanagaster
lucianii (IUCN).
Endemic lichens include Pyrenula
subvariabilis (figs. C-G at ResearchGate)
and Sulcopyrenula
biseriata (figs. E-G at ResearchGate).
Endemic non-vascular plants include a liverwort Haesselia roraimensis
(ResearchGate)
and the mosses Brachymenium
ayangannensis (PhytoKeys)
and Sphagnum boomii
(GBIF).
Important terrestrial ecoregions in Guyana include the Tepuis (EoE),
the Guayanan
Highlands
Moist Forests (EoE),
and the Guianan Moist Forests (EoE).
Freshwater ecoregions rich in endemic species include the
Essequibo (FEOW
WM),
the Guianas (FEOW
WM),
and the Amazonas Guiana Shield (FEOW
WM).
For
more information on the plants and animals of Guyana see the "Fourth
National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity" (CBD
pdf).