Mozambique

Reptiles found nowhere else than Mozambique include the Mozambique Centipede Eater Aparallactus nigriceps (SysTax), the Pungwe Worm Snake Leptotyphlops pungwensis (Reptile Database), the Gorongosa Pygmy Chameleon Rhampholeon gorongosae (Gorongosa), the Mecula Girdled Lizard Cordylus meculae (Johan Marais pdf file), the Montane Skink Proscelotes aenea (Reptile Database), the Bazaruto Writhing Skink Lygosoma lanceolatum (Reptile Database), Boulenger's Limbless Skink Scolecoseps boulengeri (BHL), the Violet Round-snouted Worm Lizard Zygaspis violacea (eol), and the recently described Mount Mabu Forest Viper Atheris mabuensis (Species New to Science) and a chameleon Nadzikambia baylissi (Guardian).

Endemic mammals include Vincent’s Bush Squirrel Paraxerus vincenti (Planet' Mammiferes), Vinson's Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris vinsoni (IUCN Red List), and the recently described Mount Mabu Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus mabuensis (Univ. Cambridge).

The Namuli Apalis Apalis lynesi (BirdLife Int'l) is sometimes considered an endemic bird species distinct from the more widespread Bar-throated Apalis Apalis thoracica (African Bird Images).

Killifish unique to Mozambique include Nothobranchius hengstleri (AKA), Nothobranchius kadleci (Zootaxa pdf file), Nothobranchius niassa (Dr. Friedrich Pfeil pdf file) and Nothobranchius krammeri (FishBase). Other endemic freshwater fish include a sleeper Eleotris soaresi (# 4 in BHL), and several cichlids: the Red Zebra Maylandia (or Pseudotropheus) estherae (MalawiCichlids.com), Metriaclima phaeos (Cichlid Room Companion), Metriaclima nigrodorsalis (p. 20 of Zootaxa pdf file), Melanochromis mossambiquensis and Melanochromis wochepa (both on p. 18 of Zootaxa pdf file), and the Buzi River Bream Chetia brevicauda (p. 6 of Univ. Toronto 10 MB pdf file). Marine fish known only from Mozambique include the Pinafore Goby Drombus simulus (FishBase), the Lace Goby Oxyurichthys lemayi (FishBase), the Many-lined Grunter Pomadasys laurentino (FishBase), the Rattail Skate Dipturus lanceorostratus (eol), and the Mud Blenny Parablennius lodosus (FishBase). The Streaky Clingfish Lissonanchus lusheri (FishBase) represents an endemic genus.

Marine invertebrates known only from Mozambique include a cone snail Conus baeri (Eddie Hardy), a cowrie Nesiocypraea aenigma (Eddie Hardy), a wentletrap Epitonium repandior (Femorale), a miter snail Charitodoron rosadoi (Eddie Hardy), a murex Orania rosadoi (Eddie Hardy), a margin snail Marginella monicae (Eddie Hardy), a nutmeg snail Trigonostoma mozambicense (Eddie Hardy), and a polychaete worm Antonbruunia viridis (CSIS pdf file). Other endemic invertebrates include the land snails Achatina vassei (Wikipedia) and Gulella delgada (p. 20 of African Invertebrates pdf file), a scarab Cyclomera dispar (Hannetons), a dung beetle Onitis janssenii (IICT), a water beetle Haliplus watsoni (BBC), a longhorned beetle Aphelogaster thomsoni (p. 7 of IRD pdf file), a mydas fly Nomoneuroides melas (Apioceridae & Mydidae), some undescribed butterflies (p. 63 of Kew 7 MB pdf file), an undescribed land crustacean (Gorogosa), a millipede Hadrobolus crassicollis (p. 32 of Zootaxa 5 MB pdf file), and a centipede Orphnaeus heteropodus (CHILOBASE).

Among over 200 vascular plant species restricted to Mozambique are several cycads: Encephalartos munchii (Cycad Pages), Encephalartos pterogonus (PACSOA), and Encephalartos turneri (eol). Other endemic plants include Aloe decurva (Flora of Mozambique), Streptocarpus brachynema (Flora of Mozambique), the legumes Acacia torrei (Kew) and Millettia mossambicensis (Flora of Mozambique), Euphorbia graniticola (Flora of Mozambique), Euphorbia bougheyi (Water When Dry), Euphorbia unicornis (eol), Jatropha subaequiloba (eol), Carissa praetermissa (flickr), Dichapetalum zambesianum (Flora of Mozambique), a mistletoe Helixanthera schizocalyx (Kew), and an iris Tritonia moggii (Flora of Mozambique). Endemic genera include Gyrodoma (Flora of Mozambique), Icuria (JSTOR), Emicocarpus (JSTOR), Micklethwaitia (flickr), and Baptorhachis (JSTOR).

Mozambique includes portions of three biodiversity hotspots: the Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa (CI), the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany (CI), and the Eastern Afromontane (CI). The Zambezian Coastal Flooded Savanna (EoE) is an ecoregion unique to Mozambique. Important freshwater ecoregions include Lake Malawi (FEOW) and Coastal East Africa (FEOW). An overview of Mozambique's biodiversity can be found at (CBD pdf file).