United Kingdom

The Scottish Crossbill (BBC) has recently been confirmed as a bird species distinct from the more widespread Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra.

Freshwater fish unique to the United Kingdom include Malloch's Char Salvelinus mallochi (Ittiofauna), the Loch Rannoch's Char Salvelinus struanensis (Ittiofauna), the Loch Killin Char Salvelinus killinensis (Darwin Country), the Torgoch or Welsh Char Salvelinus perisii (Ittiofauna), the Shetland Char Salvelinus gracillimus (Ittiofauna), and the Windermere Char Salvelinus willoughbii (Ittiofauna). Endemic whitefish include the Vendace Coregonus vandesius (ARKive), the Powan Coregonus clupeoides (Ittiofauna), and the Gwyniad Coregonus pennantii (BBC).

Beetles found only in the UK include Edmond’s Ground Beetle Tachys edmondi (ARKive), the Bronze Lundy Cabbage Flea Beetle Psylliodes luridipennis (ARKive), the Pashford Pot Beetle Cryptocephalus exiguus (ARKive), the rove beetles Thinobius newberyi (ARKive) and Meotica anglica (ARKive), and a weevil Protapion ryei (ARKive). Other endemic insects include the Northern February Red Stonefly Brachyptera putata (Buglife), a recently described leafminer moth Ectoedemia heckfordi (NHM-London), and sometimes the Northern Footman Eilema sericea (UKMoths) is considered a full species of moth distinct from the more widespread Scarce Footman Eilema complana.

Other invertebrates exclusive to the United Kingdom include a cave-dwelling amphipod crustacean Niphargellus glenniei (Freshwater Life), a woodlouse Metatrichoniscoides celticus (p. 137 of nora.nerc.ac.uk 4 MB pdf file), Jennings' Proboscis Worm Prostoma jenningsi (UK BAP), the sponges Hymeraphia elongata (Marine Species) and Antho granditoxa (Habitas), and the possibly extinct Ivell's Sea Anemone Edwardsia ivelli (ARKive).

Vascular plants restricted to the UK include the Lundy Cabbage (UK BAP), the Scottish Primrose (ukwildflowers.com), Young’s Helleborine (ARKive), the Bristol Whitebeam (ukwildflowers.com), the Lindisfarne Helleborine (ukwildflowers.com), the Hebridean Marsh Orchid (Günther Blaich), the Early Gentian (ARKive), Plot’s Elm (Wikipedia), a rock sea-lavendar Limonium dodartiforme (flickr), the York Groundsel (NERC pdf file), Cotoneaster cambricus (ARKive), the Mountain Scurvygrass (ARKive), the Snowdonia Hawkweed (ARKive), the Western Ramping-fumitory (ARKive), the Shetland Mouse-ear (ARKive), a lady’s-mantle Alchemilla minima (ARKive), an eyebright Euphrasia vigursii (ARKive), the Interrupted Brome (ARKive), and the Scottish Small-reed (UK BAP).

Endemic non-vascular plants include the Derbyshire Feather-moss Thamnobryum angustifolium (ARKive), the Yorkshire Feather-moss Thamnobryum cataractarum (Yorkshire Dales), the Cornish Path Moss Ditrichum cornubicum (ARKive), the Greater Copperwort Cephaloziella nicholsonii (ARKive), and the White Script Lichen Graphis alboscripta (p. 2 of Scottish Native Woods pdf file).

See also Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia, and Turks and Caicos Islands.