Austria
68
species of
plants are known only from Austria (Academia)
(Flora Österreichs WM) including a bellflower Campanula
pulla (iNaturalist), a leopard's bane Doronicum cataractarum
(Botanik
im Bild), a locoweed Oxytropis triflora (botany.cz),
a snowbell
Soldanella austriaca (iNaturalist), the orchids Gymnadenia
stiriaca (Orchidées
Nature) and Gymnadenia archiducis-joannis (iNaturalist), a pink Dianthus
alpinus (iNaturalist),
Stipa styriaca (iNaturalist), a
whitlow-grass Draba
stellata (Botanik
im Bild), a scurvy-grass
Cochlearia macrorrhiza
(Botanik
im Bild), a bedstraw Galium meliodorum (Botanik
im Bild), a rockfoil Saxifraga styriaca (Botanik
im Bild), a spurge Euphorbia austriaca
(Botanik
im Bild), a larkspur Delphinium austriacum
(Plants
of Styria WM), a houseleek
Sempervivum pittonii
(Botanik
im Bild), a ragwort Jacobaea norica (iNaturalist), Callianthemum anemonoides
(Botanik
im Bild), a buttercup Ranunculus sarntheinianus (ResearchGate), and a lungwort Pulmonaria kerneri (Botanik
im Bild).
The Bavarian Pine Vole Microtus
bavaricus, long thought to be extinct, was
rediscovered in Tirol (IUCN) (BioLib) and has sometimes
been considered distinct from Microtus
liechtensteini (GBIF).
Endemic
freshwater fish include the Pearl Roach Rutilus meidingeri (FishBase) (iNaturalist),
the Emerald Gudgeon Romanogobio
skywalkeri (Species
New to Science), and several species of whitefish: Coregonus
danneri (IUCN),
Coregonus atterensis
(IUCN),
and Coregonus austriacus
(Hathi) (FishBase).
The May Trout Salmo
schiefermuelleri
(Ittiofauna WM)
is apparently extinct.
Among over 300 insect species unique to
Austria are a subspecies of butterfly Erebia claudina claudina
(pyrgus.de WM) (iNaturalist),
the moths Elophos
zirbitzensis (Lepiforum)
and Dahlica styriaca (Lepiforum) and Rebelia majorella
(BOLD),
Frey’s Damselfly Coenagrion
hylas freyi (iNaturalist),
the grasshoppers Miramella
carinthiaca (pyrgus.de WM)
and Podismopsis styriaca
(pyrgus.de WM),
a bee Colletes
pannonicus (DEZ),
the ground beetles Nebria
dejeanii (p. 82
of Land
Steiermark pdf) and Trechus regularis
(p. 73
of Land
Steiermark pdf), the round fungus beetles
Aphaobius haraldi (GBIF) and Lotharia angulicollis (p. 5 of Biologiezentrum WM pdf),
a rove beetle Leptusa
koralpicola (p. 93 of Land
Steiermark pdf), a click beetle Ampedus carinthiacus (zobodat pdf), a seed weevil Squamapion
alpinum (GBIF),
a stonefly Leuctra
astridae (zobodat pdf), a caddisfly Rhyacophila ferox (p. 115 of Land
Steiermark pdf), and a cave-dwelling
fly Crumomyia
microps (nhmus WM
pdf).
Other endemic invertebrates include the spiders Troglohyphantes tauriscus (p. 3 of ARAGES pdf) and Mughiphantes severus (p. 14 of ResearchGate pdf), a harvestman Nemastoma relictum (spiderling.de WM), a pseudoscorpion Neobisium aueri (p. 7 of IJS pdf), the millipedes Syngonopodium aceri (GBIF) and Haasea gruberi (GBIF), a rotifer Glaciera schabetsbergeri (p. 5 of ResearchGate pdf), and a copepod crustacean Elaphoidella plesai (G.L. Pesce WM pdf). Austria has 60 endemic snails (see Wikipedia) including Cylindrus obtusus (Wolfgang Fischer WM), Orcula pseudodolium (AnimalBase WM), Alzoniella hartwigschuetti (ARKive WM), Graziana adlitzensis (Wolfgang Fischer WM), Belgrandiella mimula (Wikipedia), Helicopsis austriaca (Wikipedia), Noricella oreinos (Wikipedia), Bythiospeum reisalpense (WMSD), Iglica gratulabunda (ResearchGate), and Bythinella cylindrica (Wikipedia).
Endemic lichens include Capnobotryella isiloglui (Tubitak WM pdf). Endemic fungi include Inocybe rivierana (ResearchGate) and Inocybe oetziana (fig. 15 at ResearchGate). Endemic mosses include Hypnum aemulans (IUCN) (JSTOR).
An overview of Austrian endemic species is at (Umweltbundesamt pdf).