Barbados

The world's smallest snake, the Barbados Threadsnake Tetracheilostoma carlae (BBC WM) (fig. A at ResearchGate), is only 10 cm long and was described in 2008 from Barbados. The Barbados Anole Anolis extremus (iNaturalist) occurs naturally only on Barbados, but has been introduced in St. Lucia and Bermuda. Other reptiles unique to the island include the Barbados Racer Erythrolamprus perfuscus (GBIF) (IUCN) which was last seen alive in 1961, the Barbados Skink Alinea lanceolata (Smithsonian) (caribherp WM) and the Barbados Leaf-toed Gecko Phyllodactylus pulcher (ResearchGate) (biodiversity.gov.bb).

The Barbados Bullfinch Loxigilla barbadensis (eBird) (iNaturalist) was recently recognized as a species distinct from the more widespread Lesser Antillean Bullfinch Loxigilla noctis. Additional endemic bird subspecies are indicated at (p. 52 of BOU pdf).

The Barbados Giant Rice Rat Megalomys georginae (ResearchGate) is recently extinct.

Longhorn beetles found nowhere else include Plectromerus louisantoini (SEAG), Eburia pecki (Cerambycidae Species WM), Bonfilsia barbadensis (Cerambycidae Species WM), and Lagocheirus unicolor (Smithsonian WM). Other endemic insects include a jewel beetle Chrysobothris antillarum (BHL), a may beetle Phyllophaga smithi (fig. 5 at BHL) (Invasive.org), a scarab Anaides vartorellii (p. 72 of CORE pdf), a rove beetle Clavilispinus mariannae (pure.mpg.de WM pdf), a bee Centris rhododelpha (GBIF), the planthoppers Antillormenis barbadensis (iNaturalist) and Colpoptera galatea (iNaturalist), a moth Psychonoctua ravida (ResearchGate), a stick insect Phanocles barbadosense (PLAZI), and an ant Crematogaster brevidentata (GBIF) (BHL).

Other endemic invertebrates include a velvet worm Epiperipatus barbadensis (iNaturalist) (YouTube), an earthworm Trichochaeta barbadensis (BHL), a tarantula Cyrtopholis annectans (BHL), the mites Thalassozetes barbara (Semantic Scholar) and Fortuynia antillea (figs. 6-7 at PLOS), an endemic genus of pinnotherid crab Epulotheres angelae (AToL Decapoda pdf), a eusocial snapping shrimp Synalpheus microneptunus (GBIF), and the Barbados Cave Shrimp Atya brachyrhinus (IUCN) (fig. 12g at Semantic Scholar WM).

Endemic land snails include Pleurodonte isabella (CalPhotos) (iNaturalist), Pseudopineria barbadensis and Truncatella barbadensis (both at Bram's snailblog WM), Lucidella barbadensis (GBIF), Brachypodella costata and Succinea barbadensis (both at UWI WM), Bulimulus fuscus (fig. 61 at BHL), and Glyphyalinia barbadensis (BHL). Endemic marine snails include Conus kremerorum (IUCN), Conus sanderi (IUCN), and Monostiolum rosewateri (GBIF).

There are perhaps three endemic plant species. Metastelma barbadense (Barbados Property List WM) (GBIF) is a vine. Pilosocereus barbadensis (PLAZI) is a cactus that has recently been considered distinct from the more widespread Pilosocereus curtisii. Phyllanthus andersonii (BERP) (GBIF) is a shrub that is often considered a synonym of the widespread Glochidion ellipticum (flickr). Agave barbadensis (BHL) is also sometimes considered a full species distinct from Agave karatto (GBIF).

Endemic lichens include Graphis lecanorina (NHM-London) (BHL).

Barbados is in the Windward Islands Xeric Scrub ecoregion (EoE) and is included in the Caribbean Islands biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots WM). The CBD Strategy and Action Plan for Barbados can be found at (CBD WM pdf). A list of endemic beetle species is at (p. 9 of Digital Commons pdf) and one for endemic land snails is at (BHL).