Canada

Mammals that occur only in Canada include the Vancouver Island Marmot (marmots.org), Richardson's Collared Lemming (BIOBus) (iNaturalist), the Ungava Collared Lemming (Smithsonian) (Nunatsiaq News), the Ogilvie Mountains Collared Lemming (Environment Yukon WM pdf), the Yukon Deermouse Peromyscus arcticus (iNaturalist), and the Maritime Shrew (Google Books). The Alberta Little Brown Myotis (BHL) (Semantic Scholar) is known with certainty only from Canada. The Peary Caribou (iNaturalist) is an endemic subspecies.

Two migratory birds breed solely within Canada: Ross’s Goose (eBird) and Harris' Sparrow (eBird). Thayer's Gull (BirdWeb) (iNaturalist) is an additional breeding endemic sometimes considered distinct from the Iceland Gull. If it still survives, the Eskimo Curlew (ARKive WM) would be an additional breeding endemic. The extinct Labrador Duck (Wikipedia) also likely bred only in Canada.

Freshwater fishes unique to Canada include the Copper Redhorse (Parks Canada) (SNAP pdf), the Vancouver Lamprey (iNaturalist) (CWB WM), the Blackfin Cisco (ontariofishes.ca), and the Atlantic Whitefish (iNaturalist) (ARKive WM). There are ten surviving, but officially undescribed, species of British Columbian sticklebacks (UBC WM) (canada.ca). The Shortnose Cisco (FishBase), probably now extinct, was once widespread in the Great Lakes and was last observed in Lake Huron's Georgian Bay in 1985.

Marine fish known only from Canadian waters include the Newfoundland Eelpout Lycodes lavalaei (iNaturalist) (slgo.ca), the Newfoundland Spiny Lumpsucker Eumicrotremus terraenovae (iNaturalist) (CaRMS), and the snailfishes Paraliparis vaillanti (fig. 2 at ResearchGate) and Psednos harteli (fig. 9C at BHL).

Endemic butterflies include Johansen's Sulphur (Butterflies of America), the Kivalliq Sulphur (Butterflies of America), the Salt Marsh Copper (MBA WM) (iNaturalist), and the Maritime Ringlet (MBA WM) (iNaturalist). Endemic moths include a looper moth Xanthorhoe clarkeata (BIOBus), a noctuid moth Hyppa potamus (BOLD), and the tiger moths Apantesis yukona (iNaturalist) and Dodia tarandus (MPG),

Other endemic insects include the Muskeg Emerald (RBCM WM) (iNaturalist), the Yukon Slant-faced Grasshopper (iNaturalist), the Magdalen Islands Grasshopper (canada.ca), the bees Lasioglossum sablense (SARA) and Triepeolus brittaini (BugGuide), the ants Myrmica quebecensis (AntWiki) and Leptothorax athabasca (AntWiki), a rust fly Loxocera ojibwayensis (BugGuide), a robber fly Efferia okanagana (BugGuide), Scudder's Rock Crawler (iNaturalist), a scorpionfly Boreus insulanus (BugGuide), a caddisfly Montiphylax albus (ZooKeys), a leafhopper Oncopsis quebecensis (BugGuide), the ground beetles Bembidion balli (Tree of Life WM) and Nebria haida (BOLD), a firefly Phausis nigra (UBC) (IUCN), the rove beetles Holobus vancouveri (CFS WM pdf) and Gnathusa alfacaribou (ResearchGate), and a leaf beetle Tricholochmaea sablensis (Atlantic Canada Coleoptera).

Other endemic invertebrates include a sac spider Clubiona angulata (BOLD), a wolf spider Alopecosa koponeni (BIOBus), a sheetweb spider Agyneta sheffordiana (BugGuide), an cave-dwelling amphipod Stygobromus canadensis (Canadian Geographic), a centipede Arctogeophilus insularis (p. 19 of Zobodat pdf), the Haida Gwaii Slug Staala gwaii (naturalmistic), the Cypress Hills Mountainsnail (BOLD), the Banff Springs Snail (SARA WM) (iNaturalist), the Hotwater Physa Snail (DFO pdf), the freshwater snails Galba alberta (p. 11 of AMNH WM pdf) and Stagnicola (or Ladislavella) kennicotti (BOLD), a freshwater mussel Pyganodon fragilis (iNaturalist), and the sponges Desmacella hyalina (Species New to Science) and Corvospongilla novaeterrae (GBIF).

Vascular plants known only from Canada include Newcombe's Groundsel (iNaturalist), the Ogilvie Mountains Springbeauty (iNaturalist), Fernald’s Braya (iNaturalist), the Yukon Draba (iNaturalist), Savile’s False Rue-anemone (flickr) (iNaturalist), the Barrens Willow (iNaturalist), Macoun's Meadowfoam (iNaturalist), the Lake Louise Arnica (iNaturalist), the St. Lawrence Angelica (flickr), the Canadian Hawthorn (iNaturalist), Lori’s Water-lily (Manitoba Museum WM), Allen’s Buttercup (Ian McLaren) (iNaturalist), Taylor's Saxifrage (E-Flora BC) (iNaturalist), the Arctic False Wildflower (Arctic Plants), the Gulf of St. Lawrence Aster (iNaturalist), Mackenzie Hairgrass (SARA), Kwakiutl's Holly Fern (POWO), the St. Lawrence Quillwort (flickr) (ResearchGate), the Yukon Goldenweed (iNaturalist), the Yoho Paintbrush (iNaturalist), the Haida Gwai Avens (iNaturalist), a poppy Papaver luculentum (p. 8 of Phytoneuron pdf), and Victorin's Gentian (iNaturalist). Pascoleymus (Google Books) (Univ. Calgary WM) is sometimes recognized as an endemic grass genus of hybrid origin.

Endemic lichens include Collema coniophilum (Enlichenment) (iNaturalist), Bryoria salazinica (IUCN), and Seirophora aurantiaca (IUCN). Endemic fungi include a morel Morchella laurentiana (fig. E at ResearchGate), Cantharellus betularum (Fungal Planet WM pdf), and Naiadolina flavomerulina (IUCN). Endemic non-vascular plants include the mosses Syntrichia cainii (iNaturalist) and Seligeria careyana (canada.ca) and the liverworts Cephaloziella brinkmanii (GBIF) and Anastrophyllum tenue (GBIF). Endemic marine macroalgae includes Bossiella hakaiensis (BOLD WM) and Torngatum varicrassum (Seaweed of Canada).

A list of endemic species of vascular plants can be generated at (bonap.net/tdc). A list of Canadian endemic species is at (p. 58 of natureconservancy.ca pdf), threatened Canadian endemic species are listed in "Our Home and Native Land" (p. 42 of NatureServe pdf) and on (p. 58 of Nature Conservancy pdf).