Equatorial Guinea

Birds found nowhere else than in Equatorial Guinea include the Bioko Speirops (eBird), the Annobon Scops Owl (ResearchGate), the Bioko Batis (eBird), and the Annobon White-eye (CSIC) (eBird). The Annobon Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone smithii (eBird) (Wikipedia) is sometimes considered distinct from the more widespread Red-bellied Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone rufiventer.

Bioko is the sole home of what are sometimes considered two full primate species, the Bioko Red Colobus (IUCN) (iNaturalist) and the Bioko Squirrel Galago (CSIC) (p. 10 of Mammal Watching pdf), and several more endemic subspecies: the Drill (Drill Project WM) (iNaturalist), the Red-eared Guenon (iNaturalist) (YouTube), Preuss’s Guenon (ARKive WM) (p. 35 of bioko.org WM pdf), the Crowned Guenon (ARKive WM) (iNaturalist), and the Putty-nosed Guenon (iNaturalist). Additional endemic mammals include Eisentraut’s Mouse Shrew (iNaturalist) (GBIF), the Bioko Forest Shrew (Planet' Mammiferes WM) (GBIF), and Father Basilio's Striped Mouse (p. 16 of Mammal Watching pdf). The Bioko Blue Duiker Philantomba melanorheus (ResearchGate) (iNaturalist) is also sometimes considered a full species.

Reptiles unique to Equatorial Guinea include Girard’s Green Snake Philothamnus girardi (GGCG WM), Hetfield's Bush Viper Atheris hetfieldi (ResearchGate), the Bioko Montane Chameleon Trioceros feae (iNaturalist), the Bioko Leaf-toed Gecko Hemidactylus biokoensis (fig. C at BHL) (Joel Sartore), the Annobon Leaf-toed Gecko Hemidactylus aporus (BHL), Newton's Leaf-toed Gecko Hemidactylus newtoni (BHL), the Annobon Skink Trachylepis ozorii (p. 2 of Univ. Madeira WM pdf), a skink from Bioko Scelotes poensis (Reptile Database), and the Annobon Lidless Skink Panaspis annobonensis (ResearchGate).

The Bioko Squeaker Arthroleptis bioko (IUCN) (ResearchGate) is known solely from Bioko. The Musole Forest Tree Frog Leptopelis brevipes (fig. 4 at BHL), known only from the type specimen, is likely a synonym for the more wide-ranging Leptopelis brevirostris (iNaturalist). Several undescribed frogs likely exist on Bioko (guineaecuatorialpress.com WM).

Freshwater fish known only from Equatorial Guinea include the catfishes Microsynodontis nannoculus (PlanetCatfish) and Chiloglanis mongoensis (IUCN), the Pagalu Spinycheek Sleeper Eleotris feai (BHL), Distichodus mbiniensis (ResearchGate), Distichodus microps (GBIF), an African tetra Brycinus tessmanni (BHL), and several killifish: Fundulopanchax avichang (Killifish of West Africa), Fundalopanchax oeseri (Killifish of West Africa) (CSIC), Mesoaphyosemion losantosi (figs. 4-5 at Graellsia pdf), Aphyosemion ecucuense (Killifish of West Africa), Aphyosemion malumbresi (FishBase), Aphyosemion losantosi (fig. 4 at Graellsia pdf), and Aphyosemion erythron (Killifish of West Africa). A marine fish known only from Annobon is the Annobon Scorpionfish Scorpaena annobonae (BHL) (IUCN).

Butterflies found solely in Equatorial Guinea include Papilio fernandus (p. 95 of Metamorphosis pdf), Epitola insulana (Naturhistorhiska riksmuseet WM), Cymothoe owassae (BOLD), Euphaedra alava (africamuseum.be), Euphaedra canui (iNaturalist), Charaxes biokoensis (iNaturalist) (BOLD), Liptena biokoensis (p. 2 of Michel Libert WM pdf), Bicylus feae (iNaturalist), Bicyclus sealeae (p. 38 of Metamorphosis pdf), and Euriphene canui (africamuseum.be). Endemic moths include the silk moths Lobobunaea vingerhoedti (BOLD) and Goodia canui (RBINS), the geometrid moths Scopula karischi (AfroMoths WM) and Collix biokoensis (BOLD), a sphinx moth Pseudoclanis biokoensis (African Moths WM).

Other endemic insects include a bush cricket Pigalua insularis (OSF), the crickets Paragryllodes pictus (GBIF) and Nemobiodes feai (BHL), a mantis Sphodromantis annobonensis (Internet Archive), the longhorn beetles Acutandra camiadei (RBINS) and Tragocephala poensis (CSIC), a flower beetle Leucocelis canui (GBIF), a ground beetle Trilophidius acastus (ResearchGate), the leaf beetles Platycornia saetosa (chrysomelidae.it pdf) and Dermoxanthus piceipes (fig. 145 at chrysomelidae.it pdf), a scavenger scarab beetle Melanophilharmostes poggii (ResearchGate), the minute moss beetles Hydraena pagaluensis (flickr) and Hydraena bubi (GBIF), a cicada Ugada poensis (GBIF), a seed bug Dieuches annobonensis (Naturhistorhiska riksmuseet WM), and the ants Hypoponera pulchra (AntWiki) and Strumigenys nimravida (AntWiki).

Other endemic invertebrates include the Bioko Baboon Spider Hysterocrates ederi (Birdspiders.com WM) (iNaturalist), a jumping spider Tomomingi silvae (Jumping Spiders WM), a goblin spider Triaeris moca (BHL) (AMNH WM), the harvestmen Mbinia xenophora (ResearchGate) and Parogovia putnami (GBIF) and Parogovia prietoi (GBIF), the woodlice Anchicubaris annobonensis (p. 6 of Taylor & Francis pdf) and Congophiloscia annobonensis (p. 29 of Taylor & Francis pdf), a millipede Scolodesmus perplexus (MilliBase), a slug Dendrolimax newtoni (GGCG WM), and several land snails: Ptychotrema malaboensis (AMZ WM), Sinistrexcisa iradieri (ResearchGate), Avakubia biokoensis (Thibaut De Meulemeester WM), Pupa annobonensis (figs. 17-18 at Internet Archive), Curvella feai (figs. 6-7 at Internet Archive), Streptostele truncata (figs. 3-4 at Internet Archive), Trochozonites ibuensis (fig 9 at Internet Archive), and Gulella pooensis (AMZ WM). Endemic marine snails include Mitrella annobonensis (BHL), Chrysallida annobonensis (BHL), Mitromorpha annobonensis (BHL), and Alvania gascoignei (BHL).

Endemic orchids include Polystachya reticulata and Polystachya engongensis (both at ResearchGate pdf), Aerangis megaphylla (GBIF), and Genyorchis saccata (GBIF). Other endemic plants include Turraea glomeruliflora (ResearchGate), a fern Asplenium annobonense (Flora de Guineal Ecuatorial WM), Begonia aequatoguineensis (ResearchGate), Nothodissotis alenensis (PhytoKeys), Bertiera annobonensis (GBIF), Solanecio lainzii (JSTOR), Schoenoplectus heptangularis (Flora de Guineal Ecuatorial WM), Erythrococca mannii (GBIF), Psychotria mollipes (POWO), a riverweed Macropodiella uoroensis (MNHN pdf), a ginger Renealmia mannii (GBIF), a quillwort Isoetes spinulospora (JSTOR), Grossera angustifolia (IUCN), Mesanthemum alenicola (ResearchGate), a mistletoe Viscum grandicaule (JSTOR), Scaphopetalum obiangianum (GBIF) (ResearchGate), and Acalphya annobonae (BHL).

Trees known only from Equatorial Guinea include Cassipourea annobonensis (ResearchGate), Discoclaoxylon pubescens (ResearchGate), Discoclaoxylon pedicellare (JSTOR), Deinbollia reticulata (GBIF), Leptonychia lanceolata (JSTOR), Leptactina rheophytica (GBIF), and the endemic genus Chonopetalum (BHL).

Endemic non-vascular plants include the mosses Daltonia longinervis (GBIF) and Dicranum obliquatum (GBIF), a hornwort Folioceros dilatatus (JSTOR), and the liverworts Riccia biokoensis (Schweizerbart) and Cephaloziella biokoensis (ResearchGate).

Bioko and Annobon are both included in the Guinean Forests of West Africa biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots WM) and the Gulf of Guinea Islands coral reef hotspot (Columbia Univ. WM pdf). Important terrestrial ecoregions in Equatorial Guinea include the Cross-Sanaga-Bioko Coastal Forests (WWF WM), the Mount Cameroon and Bioko Montane Forests (WWF WM), and the Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon Moist Lowland Forests (WWF WM). The Southern Gulf of Guinea Drainages is an important freshwater ecoregion (FEOW WM).