Greenland
Greenland
has a few
vascular plant species found nowhere else including the East Greenland
Saxifrage Saxifraga
nathorstii (iNaturalist),
the
Greenland Alkali Grass Puccinellia
groenlandica (iNaturalist)
(p. 69 of Field
Museum pdf), Porsild's Alkali Grass Puccinellia porsildii
(JSTOR),
the
Greenland Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium
groenlandicum (iNaturalist)
(p. 39 of Arctic
Council pdf), and
Rhododendron ×
vanhoeffenii (VT),
There are also 15 endemic microspecies
of hawkweed including Hieracium
hyparcticum (GBIF),
Hieracium
angmagssalikense (JSTOR),
and Hieracium
trigonophorum (JSTOR).
The following are often considered synonyms of more widespread species:
the
Greenland Fescue Festuca
groenlandica (Google
Books),
the
Greenland Pondweed Potamogeton
groenlandicus
(FNA WM)
(JSTOR),
Calamagrostis poluninii
(p. 60 of Field
Museum pdf) (GBIF),
Puccinellia rosenkrantzii
(GBIF),
and several pussytoes: Antennaria
affinis (JSTOR),
Antennaria hansii
(GBIF),
and Antennaria
intermedia (BHL).
Endemic
invertebrates include a rove beetle Atheta
groenlandica (Micro
Photo WM) (Google
Books), a jumping plant louse Cacopsylla groenlandica
(Google
Books), the braconid wasps Dacnusa groenlandica
(GBIF)
and Cotesia
crassifemorata (Fig. D at ResearchGate),
a non-biting midge Smittia
polymorpha (GBIF),
a dark-winged fungus gnat Lycoriella
pearyi (GBIF),
a mealybug Atrococcus
groenlandensis (ResearchGate),
a comb-footed spider Ohlertidion
lundbecki (ResearchGate),
a water flea Holopedium
groenlandicum (ResearchGate),
a marine rotifer Notholca
ikaitophila (GBIF),
a hydroid Halisiphonia
arctica (Google
Books) (GBIF),
the tardigrades Macrobiotus
engbergi (GBIF)
and Tenuibiotus zandra
(GBIF),
a bryozoan Reteporella
vitta (GBIF),
and a sponge Leucascus
lobatus (ResearchGate).
Three species of dwarf snailfish are so far known solely from specimens
caught off Greenland: the Gelatinous Dwarf Snailfish Psednos gelatinosus
(GBIF)
(BHL),
the Black-headed Dwarf Snailfish
Psednos
melanocephalus (Fig. 3 at ResearchGate),
and the Multipore Dwarf Snailfish Psednos
micruroides (GBIF) (BHL).
Also known only from Greenland is the Deceptive Fish Doctor Gymnelus
pseudosquamatus (ResearchGate).
The Greenland Caribou (iNaturalist) is sometimes recognized as a distinct species Rangifer groenlandicus (ZooKeys) distinct from the widespread Rangifer tarandus.
Fungi known solely from Greenland include Urnula groenlandica (JSTOR). Endemic lichens include Acarospora tuberculata (p. 7 of Norsk Polarinstitutt pdf) and Lecanora surrecta (UiO). An endemic liverwort is Cephaloziella mammillifera (BHL).
The ice-free portion of Greenland comprises the Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra ecoregion (EoE). For lists of Greenland's endemic species and an overview of Greenland's plants and animals see "Biodiversity of Greenland" (Grønlands Naturinstitut pdf).