Guyana

Reptiles unique to Guyana includes a snail-eating snake Dipsas pakaraima (Philippe Kok), an endemic snake genus Paikwaophis (ResearchGate), Stejneger's Worm Lizard Amphisbaena stejnegeri (AMNH WM pdf), Kathleen's Treerunner Plica kathleenae (Wikispecies), a gecko Gonatodes timidus (ResearchGate), and the endemic lizard genera Kaieteurosaurus (ResearchGate pdf) and Pantepuisaurus (ResearchGate). The lizards Yanomamia guianensis (Philippe Kok) and Yanomamia hoogmoedi (ResearchGate) also represent an endemic genus (ResearchGate). A lizard formerly known as Echinosaura sulcarostrum (Species New to Science) has now been placed in the endemic genus Rheosaurus (ResearchGate).

Amphibians known solely from Guyana include the Groete Creek Carrying Frog Stefania evansi (flickr) (iNaturalist), Warren's Tree Frog Tepuihyla warreni (p. 5 of Phyllomedusa WM pdf), Lutz's Thin-toed Frog Adenomera lutzi (iNaturalist) (Philippe Kok), the Golden Rocket Frog Anomaloglossus beebei (iNaturalist), the Jester Rain Frog Pristimantis jester (Species New to Science), the Thimble Frog Allobates amissibilis (Mongabay), the Kamana Falls Emerald-barred Frog Ceuthomantis smaragdinus (AmphibiaWeb), Seegobin's Tepui Toad Oreophrynella seegobini (AmphibiaWeb), Adelophryne patamona (ResearchGate), and the caecilians Rhinatrema shiv (ResearchGate) and Microcaecilia iwokramae (Europe PMC pdf). The Kanaima Tree Frog Nesorohyla kanaima (Philippe Kok) is an endemic genus.

The freshwater fish fauna is exceptionally rich in species found nowhere else including several endemic genera: a cichlid Mazarunia (Cichlid Room Companion), a pencilfish Derhamia (FishBase), a characin Acanthocharax (FishBase), a South American darter Skiotocharax (ResearchGate), a bluntnose knifefish Akawaio (Species New to Science), and several armored catfishes: Corymbophanes (ResearchGate), Yaluwak (ResearchGate), and Paulasquama (PlanetCatfish). Other endemic freshwater fish include the Dawn Tetra (FishBase), the Potaro Tetra (IUCN), a pacu Paramyloplus taphorni (ResearchGate), the Bigspot Characin (FishBase), a scrapetooth Apareiodon agmatos (ResearchGate), the Potaro Dwarf Cichlid (FishBase), the Blackstripe Pencilfish (Seriously Fish), the Amaila Tropical Darter (IUCN), Freeman's Tube-snouted Ghost Knifefish (PLAZI), a killifish Laimosemion torrenticola (It Rains Fish), and several catfish: Corydoras potaroensis (ScotCat), Bunocephalus chamaizelus (BHL), Denticetopsis iwokrama (FLMNH), Myoglanis potaroensis (FishBase), and Sturisoma monopelte (PlanetCatfish). The giant fish Arapaima arapaima (p. 1 of FMNH pdf) is known only from Guyana by some taxonomies.

Insects found only in Guyana include a metalmark butterfly Mesosemia pakaraima (BioOne), the nymphalid butterflies Euptychia roraima (ResearchGate) and Oxeoschistus romeo (fig. 4 at BHL), the skippers Aguna lata (figs. 31-32 at Insecta Mundi pdf) and Damas zea (figs. 211-212 at Insecta Mundi pdf), a damselfly Metaleptobasis tetragena (BHL), a mantis Liturgusa guyanensis (ZooKeys), a lace bug Paraceratotingis henryi (ZooKeys), a stink bug Brachystethus schuhi (GBIF), a longhorn beetle Asynapteron eburnigerum (Cerambycidae Species WM), the scarabs Deltochilum jocelynae (GBIF) and Saprositellus kenodontus (fig. 24 at ResearchGate), a net-winged beetle Lycomorphon iwokrama (GBIF), a predacious water beetle Hydrodessus phyllisae (Google Books), a katydid Neoconocephalus purpurascens (OSF), a grasshopper Ophthalmolampis torosa (OSF), a cockroach Dendroblatta litura (GBIF), a masked bee Hylaeus lychnis (GBIF), and the ants Lachnomyrmex platynodus (AntWiki) and Pheidole microgyna (AntWiki).

Other endemic invertebrates include a jumping spider Corythalia ricta (PLAZI), a tarantula Ephebopus foliatus (Birdspiders.com WM), a huntsman spider Sparianthina rufescens (GBIF), a goblin spider Scaphiella kartabo (AMNH WM), a curtain web spider Masteria guyanensis (GBIF), a scorpion Ananteris michaelae (ZOBODAT pdf), the harvestmen Mazarunius oedipus (fig. 60 at UFRJ pdf) and Neogovea branstetteri (GBIF), the freshwater crabs Microthelphusa meansi (GBIF) and Microthelphusa furcifer (GBIF), a velvet worm Macroperipatus guianensis (BHL), an earthworm Kathrynella guyanae (PLAZI), and the land snails Drymaeus selli (GBIF) and Streptartemon demerarensis (Internet Archive).

Vascular plant species known exclusively from Guyana include a bromeliad Aechmea brassicoides (FCBS WM), Anetanthus disjuncta (ResearchGate), Tarenaya minutiflora (ResearchGate), Philodendron ayangannense and Philodendron kaiteurense (both at IAS WM), Raveniopsis microphyllus (PhytoKeys), the orchids Huntleya sessiliflora (IOPSE) and Sobralia pakaraimense (ResearchGate), Hibiscus marioniae (PhytoKeys), Besleria saxicola (POWO), Centrosolenia bryogeton (GBIF), Miconia angustidentata (ResearchGate), Justicia mcdowellii (GBIF), Machaerina ayangannensis (GBIF), and Boyania kenwurdackii (ResearchGate).

Trees known only from Guyana include Carapa akuri (ResearchGate), the Clump Wallaba Dicymbe altsonii (Tropical Fungi), Dicymbe jenmanii (Tropical Fungi), Palicourea potaroensis (ResearchGate), Vouacapoua macropetala (JSTOR), Sacoglottis perryi (GBIF), Myrcia extranea (GBIF), Eschweilera fanshawei (GBIF), Neosprucea paterna (GBIF), and the endemic genera Maburea (GBIF) (Flora of the Guianas) and Thysanostemon (GBIF).

Other endemic vascular plant genera include Lampadaria (gesneriads.info), Tryssophyton (ZooKeys), Pteridocalyx (ResearchGate), Maguireanthus (BHL), Ochthephilus (GBIF) (ResearchGate), Potarophytum (fig. 1f at Wiley pdf), Windsorina (GBIF), Whittonia (PlantSystematics.org WM), and Pibiria (ResearchGate).

Endemic fungi include Amanita fulvoalba (ResearchGate), Squamanita guyanensis (ResearchGate), Guyanagarika anomala (Tropical Fungi), and Guyanagaster lucianii (IUCN). Endemic lichens include Pyrenula subvariabilis (figs. C-G at ResearchGate) and Sulcopyrenula biseriata (figs. E-G at ResearchGate). Endemic non-vascular plants include a liverwort Haesselia roraimensis (ResearchGate) and the mosses Brachymenium ayangannensis (PhytoKeys) and Sphagnum boomii (GBIF).

Important terrestrial ecoregions in Guyana include the Tepuis (EoE), the Guayanan Highlands Moist Forests (EoE), and the Guianan Moist Forests (EoE). Freshwater ecoregions rich in endemic species include the Essequibo (FEOW WM), the Guianas (FEOW WM), and the Amazonas Guiana Shield (FEOW WM). For more information on the plants and animals of Guyana see the "Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity" (CBD pdf).