Libya
Mammals found only in Libya include Horacek's Horseshoe Bat (ResearchGate), Grobben’s Gerbil (GBIF) (BHL), the Sand Gerbil (GBIF) (RBINS pdf), the Vivacious Gerbil (GBIF) (BHL), the Cyrenaica Vole (GBIF) (Wiley), and the Cyrenaica White-toothed Shrew (GBIF) (BHL). Hanak's Pipistrelle (p. 55 of nm.cz pdf) (GBIF) is also an endemic with the recent split of the Crete Pipistrelle.
The Libyan Blue Tit Cyanistes cyrenaicae (YouTube) (Birding for a lark) is sometimes considered a full species of bird distinct from the more widespread African Blue Tit Cyanistes teneriffae.
Lanza's Worm Snake Myriopholis lanzai (BHL) (Reptile Database) is an endemic reptile.
A
killifish Aphanius
desioi (BHL) (IUCN)
is sometimes considered a full species distinct from the widespread
Mediterranean Killifish Aphanius
fasciatus (FishBase).
Beetles known solely from Libya include a longhorn beetle Chlorophorus ringenbachi
(Beetles
of Libya WM), the weevils Caulostrophus
ringenbachi (Beetles
of Libya WM) and Cyllorhynchites
sarahae (ResearchGate),
a jewel beetle Paratassa
ringenbachi
(Beetles
of Libya WM), a tiger beetle Neolaphrya ritchiei
(Beetles
of Libya WM), a cockchafer Pachydema peyerhimhoffi (Beetles
of Libya WM), a dung beetle Onitis
ringenbachi (Beetles
of Libya WM), a click beetle Malacogaster ruficollis (fig. 20 at NIH), the darkling beetles Tentyria cyrenaica (Beetles
of Libya WM) and Blaps
effeminata (GBIF),
and a blister beetle Mylabris cyrenaica (Beetles
of Libya WM).
Other endemic insects include the grasshoppers Paracinipe adelaidae (ResearchGate) and Thalpomena dernensis (OSF) (GBIF), a katydid Afrosteropleurus ientilei (ResearchGate), a cockroach Heterogamisca kruegeri (iNaturalist), a planthopper Dictyophara merjensis (p. 15 of AMNH pdf), a leafhopper Wadkufia elegans (p. 13 of AMNH pdf), a casebearer moth Coleophora aeneostrigella (BHL), a carpenter moth Meharia turatii (KMK pdf), a tiger moth Ocnogyna mooseri (Biotaxa pdf), and several bees: Nomioides mucoreus (Atlas Hymenoptera WM), Andrena cyrenaica (fig. 3 at ResearchGate), and Lasioglossum tripolitanum (Atlas Hymenoptera WM).
Other endemic
arthropods include a solifuge Tarabulida ephippiata
(BHL),
a
cave-dwelling millipede Glomeris
monostriata (GBIF), a woodlouse Porcellio gestroi (BHL),
a pseudoscorpion Nannowithius caecus
(p. 3 of AAS
WM
pdf), a jumping spider Aelurillus
ambiguus (jumping-spiders.com),
a wolf spider Pardosa
paleata (fig. 51 at Taylor
& Francis pdf), an orb-weaving spider Cyclosa concolor (Internet
Archive), a cave-dwelling freshwater shrimp Typhlocaris lethaea
(IUCN)
(GBIF),
and several
scorpions: Cicileus
latellai (MNHN), Lissothus bernardi
(GBIF),
Buthus lourencoi
(ResearchGate),
Androctonus tibesti
(Scorpion
Files), and Buthus
barcaeus
(fig. 6 at Euscorpius
pdf). Endemic land
snails include Gyrostomella
tripolitana (iNaturalist),
Barcania
kaltenbachi
(AMZ
WM) (iNaturalist),
Cernuella selmaniana
and Xeroregima
regiamaensis (both at Femorale WM),
Eopolita forcarti
(OSU),
Orcula marmarica
(AMZ
WM), and Cochlostoma
susaense
(OSU).
Among about 80 vascular plant species unique to Libya (ResearchGate)
are Cyclamen rohlfsianum
(Cyclamen
Society) (iNaturalist),
the Libyan Strawberry Tree Arbutus
pavarii (ResearchGate)
(Flora
of Libya),
an orchid Anacamptis
cyrenaica (GBIF),
Prospero cyrenaicum
(IUCN),
Sedum cyrenaicum
(p. 3 of ResearchGate
pdf), Sedum
bracteosum (p. 16 of CSI
pdf),
Echinops cyrenaicus
(ResearchGate),
Linaria tarhunensis
(Panoramio
WM),
Romulea cyrenaica (GBIF),
Nepeta cyrenaica (iNaturalist)
(Flora
of Libya),
Pallenis cyrenaica (POWO),
Convolvulus maireanus (POWO), Teucrium apollinis
(p. 5 of Life
Science J. pdf), Ranunculus cyclocarpus (POWO), Thymbra linearifolia (POWO), Allium ruhmerianum (POWO), Onopordum cyrenaicum (POWO),
Silene cyrenaica
(GBIF),
Limonium cyrenaicum
(GBIF),
Hypericum decaisneanum
(GBIF),
Herniaria ericifolia
(JSTOR),
Crocus boulosii
(POWO),
Origanum cyrenaicum
(GBIF),
and Orobanche cyrenaica
(JSTOR). Sometimes considered
endemic genera are Pachyctenium
mirabile (GBIF)
and Libyella cyrenaica
(GBIF),
although these are often placed in Daucus
and Poa
respectively.
Fungi known only from Libya include Coprinopsis psammophila
(fig. 138 at ResearchGate).
Endemic non-vascular plants include a liverwort Riella
cyrenaica (BHL).
Portions of Libya are included in the
Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot(Biodiversity
Hotspots WM).
Important ecoregions for endemic species
include the Mediterranean Dry Woodlands and Steppe (WWF
WM)
and the Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat Montane Xeric Woodlands (WWF
WM).