Norfolk Island

Birds found nowhere else include the Norfolk Robin (iNaturalist), the Norfolk Gerygone (eBird), and the Slender-billed White-eye (eBird). The White-chested White-eye (Wikipedia) (GBIF) is probably extinct. The Norfolk Parakeet (eBird) is sometimes considered a full species distinct from the Red-fronted Parakeet. The Norfolk Kaka (Wikipedia) became extinct in the 19th century. Additional endemic subspecies are illustrated at (Parks Australia pdf).

Marine fish known only from Norfolk Island include the Freckled Dwarfgoby Eviota lentiginosa (Fishes of Australia), a cusk eel Dipulus norfolkanus (Fishes of Australia), the Norfolk Blenny Parablennius serratolineatus (Fishes of Australia) (iNaturalist), Cohen's Puffer Pelagocephalus coheni (GBIF) (Fishes of Australia), the Gilded Tuskfish Choerodon aurulentus (BHL), Springer's Shore-eel Alabes springeri (Fishes of Australia), and the Pink Shortnose Seabat Halicmetus drypus (GBIF).

Endemic beetles include the longhorn beetles Microlamia norfolkensis (iNaturalist) and Disterna norfolkensis (iNaturalist), the leaf beetles Dematochroma shuteae (iNaturalist) and Brontispa norfolkensis (iNaturalist), a ground beetle Notoplatynus darlingtoni (iNaturalist), the click beetles Cryptalaus nesiotes (iNaturalist) and Ochosternus norfolcensis (ALA), a stag beetle Lamprima aenea (GBIF) (iNaturalist), the minute tree-fungus beetles Notapterocis nesiotes (GBIF) and Cis brachytrichus (GBIF), a rove beetle Neoxantholinus norfolcensis (GBIF), a darkling beetle Metisopus purpureipennis (iNaturalist), and the weevils Mandalotus norfolcensis (iNaturalist) and Microcryptorhynchus setosus (iNaturalist).

Katydids unique to Norfolk Island include Beiericolya tardipes (iNaturalist), Austrosalomona personafrons (iNaturalist), and Caedicia araucariae (iNaturalist). Other endemic insects include the Philip Island Spider Cricket Nesitathra philipensis (iNaturalist), the Nythos Island Cricket Insulascirtus nythos (iNaturalist), the Norfolk Island Cicada Kikihia convicta (Univ. Conn. WM) (iNaturalist), a thread-legged bug Leaylia norfolkiana (iNaturalist), a stink bug Cuspicona norfolcensis (ALA), the plant bugs Coridromius norfolkensis (ResearchGate) and Tinginotopsis tuberculatus (Taylor & Francis pdf), a palm bug Latebracoris norfolcensis (iNaturalist), the ants Iridomyrmex phillipensis (AntWiki) and Carebara norfolkensis (AntWiki), a signal fly Pogonortalis hians (iNaturalist), a stilt-legged fly Cothornobata linea (iNaturalist), a dozen endemic thrip species (Zootaxa pdf), the Norfolk Hibiscus Moth Anisoplaca cosmia (Wikipedia), a leafroller moth Tracholena hedraea (Tortricid.net WM), and the looper moths Urolitha quintali (iNaturalist) and Pseudocoremia christiani (iNaturalist).

Endemic land snails include Allenoconcha basispiralis and Greenwoodoconcha nux (both at Phoenix Lab), Dendrolamellaria mathewsi (iNaturalist), Advena campbellii (Australian Museum), Succinea norfolkensis (iNaturalist), Palmatina coxi (ALA), Allenoconcha platysoma (iNaturalist), Norfolcioconcha norfolkensis (ALA), Duritropis albocarinata (iNaturalist), Mathewsoconcha phillipii (p. 3 of Parks Australia pdf), Nancibella quintalae (Australian Museum), Tornatellinops norfolkensis (GBIF), and Fanulena insculpta (iNaturalist). Other endemic molluscs include a salt marsh snail Telmosena suteri (iNaturalist), an extinct freshwater snail Posticobia norfolkensis (Australian Freshwater Molluscs), and a marine snail Herpetopoma norfolkense (ALA).

Other endemic invertebrates include a centipede Cormocephalus coynei (iNaturalist), a jumping spider Ligonipes flavipes (BHL) (figs. 100-102 at BHL), a pseudoscorpion Haplochernes norfolkensis (iNaturalist), the amphipods Linguimaera boeckoides (GBIF) and Maeraceterus taaroa (GBIF), a freshwater shrimp Paratya norfolkensis (p. 6 of EcoNorfolk WM pdf), a sea cucumber Holothuria uncia (BHL), and an octocoral Perissogorgia rigida (p. 116 of NIWA pdf).

The 44 endemic species of vascular plants include the Norfolk Island Tree Fern (iNaturalist), the King's Brakefern (Google Books), the Norfolk Island Orchid (p. 11 of SOSWA WM pdf), the Minute Orchid (iNaturalist), the Shieldfern (iNaturalist), the Norfolk Island Spleenwort (iNaturalist), the Norfolk Island Abutilon (ANBG), the Norfolk Island Euphorbia (flickr), the Hanging Fork-fern (iNaturalist), Elatostema montanum (Parks Australia), Korthalsella disticha (ANBG), Alyxia gynopogon (iNaturalist), Capparis nobilis (ANBG), Senecio evansianus (Google Books), Carex neesiana (iNaturalist), and Clematis dubia (ANBG). The Mountain Rush Freycinetia baueriana (iNaturalist) (IUCN) is sometimes treated as a distinct species from those found in New Zealand.

Endemic trees include the Norfolk Island Pine (ARKive WM), the Norfolk Island Chaff Tree (flickr), the Phillip Island Hibiscus (ARKive WM), the Popwood (ANBG), a beech Myrsine ralstoniae (p. 8 of Parks Australia pdf), the Norfolk Island Mahoe (ANBG), Pittosporum bracteolatum (ANBG) (iNaturalist), Melicope littoralis (iNaturalist), the Broad-leaved Meryta (iNaturalist), Coprosma pilosa (ANBG), Pennantia endlicheri (iNaturalist), and Wikstroemia australis (iNaturalist). Endemic tree genera include the Bastard Oak Ungeria (iNaturalist) (environment.gov.au) and the probably extinct Streblorrhiza (Wikipedia).

Endemic lichens include Flavoparmelia norfolkensis (BHL) and Eugeniella pacifica (flickr). Endemic non-vascular plants include a liverwort Radula anisotoma (PLAZI) and the mosses Calomnion lillianiae (GBIF) and Splachnobryum crassinervium (Fig. 7 at MOBOT pdf). Marine algae known only from Norfolk Island include Meredithia nutleorum (BOLD) and Asteromenia praetermissa (BOLD).

Although Norfolk Island is a territory of Australia, biologically it is part of the New Zealand biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots WM). It comprises the Norfolk Island Subtropical Forests ecoregion (EoE). A list of the vascular plants indicating the endemic species is at (Wikipedia). Descriptions of many of Norfolk Islands threatened endemic species can be found in the "Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan" (environment.gov.au pdf)