Pitcairn Islands

Birds found nowhere else include the Henderson Crake (eBird), the Henderson Fruit-dove (eBird) (ARKive WM), the Henderson Lorikeet (eBird) (ARKive WM), the Henderson Reed-warbler (eBird) (ARKive WM), and the Pitcairn Reed-warbler (eBird). The Henderson Petrel (eBird) is endemic as a breeding species.

Marine fish unique to the Pitcairn Islands include the Pitcairn Sandlance Ammodytoides leptus (BHL) (GBIF), the Henderson Triplefin Enneapterygius ornatus (Google Books), and the Henderson Squirrelfish Sargocentron megalops (FishBase).

Insects known solely from the Pitcairn Islands include the Henderson Hawkmoth Hippotion hateleyi (Sphingidae), the Henderson Shieldbug Catacanthus taiti (RSPB WM), a planthopper Atylana fasciata (p. 8 of Univ. Delaware WM pdf), the weevils Microcryptorhynchus (or Miocalles) orientissimus (p. 7 of Bishop Museum WM pdf) and Rhyncogonus hendersoni (p. 39 of Bishop Museum WM pdf), and a fruit fly Bactrocera setinervis (PLAZI) (GBIF).

Endemic land snails include Tubuaia hendersoni and Minidonta hendersoni (both on p. 20 of UKOTCF WM pdf), Georissa hendersoni (fig. 3B-F at Paperzz pdf), Diastole tenuistriata (fig. 4G-I at Paperzz pdf), Tubuaia fosbergi (p. 21 of Bishop Museum WM pdf), Sinployea pitcairnensis (fig. 8 at Paperzz pdf), Philonesia pitcairnensis (figs. 10-11 on p. 120 of Bishop Museum WM pdf), Pacificella filica (fig. 9J-L at Paperzz pdf), Philonesia filiceti (stamps.gov.pn WM) (GBIF), and the extinct Philonesia pyramidalis and Pleuropoma hendersoni (both at Europe PMC pdf).

Marine endemics include a sea slug Bornella irvingi (Sea Slug Forum WM) (GBIF), a whelk Engina (or Tritonidea) rosacea (fig. 3 at BHL), a spindle snail Cyrtulus bountyi (GBIF), an undescribed octopus (flickr), the ostracods Neonesidea blighi and Loxoconcha dictyoklostos (revistas.igme.es WM pdf), and a starfish Allostichaster peleensis (p. 32 of Micronesica pdf).

Among 19 vascular plant taxa restricted to the Pitcairn Islands (BEC Consultants WM pdf) are the Yellow Fatu Abutilon pitcairnense (ARKive WM) (ResearchGate), Angiopteris chauliodonta (iNaturalist), Peperomia hendersonensis (iNaturalist), Peperomia pitcairnensis (iNaturalist), Bidens mathewsii (iNaturalist), Ctenitis cumingii (stamps.gov.pn WM) (GBIF), Geniostoma hendersonense (JSTOR) (Internet Archive), Alyxia fosbergii (BHL) (GBIF), Athyrium pitcairnense (GBIF), and Microsorum pitcairnense (GBIF).

Endemic trees include Homalium taypau (ARKive WM), Coprosma benefica (iNaturalist), Glochidion (or Phyllanthus) pitcairnense (GBIF) (Kew), Glochidion comitum (BHL), Bidens hendersonensis (JSTOR), Myrsine hosakae (p. 34 of RSPB WM pdf) (RSPB WM), Pandanus pitcairnensis (JSTOR), and Nesoluma (or Sideroxylon) st.-johnianum (JSTOR). The Henderson Island Sandalwood Santalum hendersonense (JSTOR) (colnect) is also sometime considered a full species distinct from the more widespread Santalum insulare (iNaturalist) and Pandanus benignus (JSTOR) is sometimes considered distinct from the more widespread Pandanus tectorius (iNaturalist).

Endemic fungi include Clitocybe tournefortiae (GBIF) and Crepidotus schusteri (GBIF).

For summaries of the natural history of the Pitcairn Islands see (JNCC WM pdf), (European Commission WM pdf), (Pew pdf), (PLOS), and the special issue on Pitcairn Islands in the Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (Wiley). The Pitcairn Islands are an overseas territory of the United Kingdom.