Serbia

Cave-dwelling invertebrates unique to Serbia (overview at Božidar Ćurčić pdf) include the ground beetles Duvalius bozidari (ResearchGate) and Velesaphaenops tarensis and Acheroniotes lethensis (both at ResearchGate), the round fungus beetles Remyella raskae and Remyella javorensis (both at doiSerbia WM pdf) and Pholeuonopsis sljivovicensis (ResearchGate), a rove beetle Dicentrius stevanovici (NMNHS), a dipluran Plusiocampa christiani (fig. 5D at MDPI), a springtail Protaphorura zlatiborensis (doiSerbia WM pdf), the millipedes Belbogosoma stribogi (ResearchGate) and Typhloiulus serborum (fig. a at ResearchGate) and Serbosoma kucajense (GBIF) and Cornogonopus pavicevici (ResearchGate), the spiders Harpactea complicata (araneae) and Centromerus serbicus (fig. 5A-B at MDPI), a freshwater shrimp Ficticaris serbica (Estavela), a pseudoscorpion Neobisium rajkodimitrijevici (doiSerbia WM pdf), a very unusual harvestman Trojanella serbica (ResearchGate), a woodlouse Bureschia serbica (ResearchGate), and the snails Agardhiella serbica (AnimalBase WM) and Vitrea virgo (ZooKeys).

Endemic insects include the Serbian Stick Grasshopper Pyrgomorphella serbica (Dragiša Savić) (IUCN), the hoverflies Eumerus crispus (ResearchGate) and Eumerus pannonicus (IUCN), a dance fly Empis serbica (GBIF), a caddisfly Potamophylax idliri (GBIF), a stonefly Leuctra golija (ZooKeys), a darkling beetle Stenohelops gratus (ResearchGate), the rove beetles Cephennium ivanjicense and Cephennium serbicum (both at ResearchGate), a weevil Sciaphobus scheibeli (figs. A-D at ResearchGate), and the jumping bristletails Lepismachilis prijepolja (ResearchGate) and Coryphophthalmus obscurus (GBIF)

Land snails known only from Serbia include Macedonica pirotana (AnimalBase WM), Bulgarica stolii (AnimalBase WM), Carinigera eximia (AnimalBase WM), and Alinda pancici (GBIF). Other endemic invertebrates include the scorpions Euscorpius sadileki (GBIF) and Alpiscorpius karamani (figs. 1-4 at Biologia Serbica), a harvestman Odiellus serbicus (ResearchGate), a pseudoscorpion Roncus jelasnicae (ResearchGate), the freshwater snails Bythinella nonveilleri (p. 15 of malaco.de WM pdf) and Bythinella pesterica (WMSDB), an amphipod crustacean Niphargus mirocensis (ResearchGate), the centipedes Geophilus serbicus (GBIF) and Schendyla antici (PLAZI), the millipedes Serboiulus deelemani (fig. 1i at ResearchGate) and Brachydesmus avalae (fig 1f at doiSerbia WM pdf) and Haasea makarovi (GBIF), a woodlouse Trichoniscoides mladeni (Dragiša Savić), a leech Dina serbica (Biotaxa), and an earthworm Cernosvitovia serbica (GBIF).

Vascular plants exclusive to Serbia include the Kopaonika Houseleek Sempervivum kopaonikensis (flickr), a bittercress Cardamine pancicii (sr.wikipedia), Viola kopaonikensis (BioRaS WM), Helleborus serbicus (BioRaS WM), a columbine Aquilegia pancicii (Bela Palanka WM), a catnip Nepeta rtanjensis (sr.wikipedia), Edraianthus canescens (ResearchGate), Edraianthus stankovicii (Semantic Scholar), Crocus randjeloviciorum (ResearchGate), the Winged Bellflower Campanula calycialata (SFSES), Thymus adamovicii (JSTOR), Centaurea zlatiborensis (figs. 1C-D at MDPI pdf), and Euphorbia serpentini (p. 9 of Preslia pdf) (GBIF). Extinct endemic plants include Scabiosa achaeta (pancic.bio.bg.ac.yu), Althaea kragujevacensis (pancic.bio.bg.ac.yu), the Vranja Marshmallow Althaea vranjensis (Bionet skola), and the Serbian Water Chestnut Trapa annosa (Bionet skola).

Lichens known only from Serbia include Squamarina serpentini (GBIF).

Portions of Serbia are included in the Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots WM). For an overview of Serbia's biodiversity see (CBD pdf). For a list of endemic plant species see (p. 5 of Botanica Serbica pdf).