Brazil
Checklist of Endemic Marine Fish Species
This list of marine fish species found exclusively in Brazil is based on the taxonomy used in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (2023). For further details on possible inaccuracies in the list see Sources & Caveats.
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds) 2023 Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Version downloaded 9 February 2023 https://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp
The current version can be accessed here
For a 2018 annotated checklist of Southwestern Atlantic endemic reef fishes see (swatlanticreeffishes.wordpress.com pdf)
Marine fishes known only from the deep-sea (below 200 m) are listed at the bottom of the page and are not included in species totals
+ = species added to the Catalog of Fishes after 9 Februrary 2023
Prognathodes brasiliensis
(Acanthuriformes Chaetodontidae) Brazilian
Butterflyfish
Prognathodes obliquus
(Acanthuriformes Chaetodontidae) Oblique
Butterflyfish
Haemulon schrankii
(Acanthuriformes Haemulidae)
Haemulon squamipinna
(Acanthuriformes Haemulidae) Brazilian Grunt
Orthopristis rubra
(Acanthuriformes Haemulidae) Corocoro Grunt
Lutjanus alexandrei
(Acanthuriformes Lutjanidae) Brazilian Snapper
Bairdiella goeldi
(Acanthuriformes Sciaenidae)
Menticirrhus cuiaranensis
(Acanthuriformes Sciaenidae) Brazilian Kingfish
Stellifer brasiliensis
(Acanthuriformes Sciaenidae) Brazilian Stardrum
Stellifer menezesi
(Acanthuriformes Sciaenidae) Brazilian Stardrum
Stellifer musicki
(Acanthuriformes Sciaenidae) Bigeye Stardrum
Calamus mu (Acanthuriformes Sparidae)
Flathead Porgy
Pempheris gasparinii
(Acropomatiformes Pempheridae) Trinidade Sweeper
Pempheris schreineri
(Acropomatiformes Pempheridae)
Letharchus aliculatus
(Anguilliformes Ophichthidae) Striped Sailfin Eel
Ophichthus brasiliensis
(Anguilliformes Ophichthidae)
Argentina brasiliensis
(Argentiniformes Argentinidae)
Membras dissimilis
(Atheriniformes Atherinopsidae)
Amphichthys rubigenis
(Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae)
Porichthys kymosemeum
(Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae) Brazilian Midshipman Fish
Thalassophryne punctata
(Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae) Spotted Toadfish
Triathalassothia lambaloti
(Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae) Deepwater Toadfish
Entomacrodus vomerinus
(Blenniiformes Blenniidae) Rockpool Blenny
Hypleurochilus brasil
(Blenniiformes Blenniidae) Brazil Blenny
Ophioblennius trinitatis
(Blenniiformes Blenniidae) Brazilian
Fangedblenny
Scartella itajobi
(Blenniiformes Blenniidae) Noronha Blenny
Scartella poiti
(Blenniiformes Blenniidae) Trinidade Blenny
Emblemaria australis
(Blenniiformes Chaenopsidae)
Emblemariopsis signifer
(Blenniiformes Chaenopsidae)
Platygillellus
brasiliensis (Blenniiformes Dactyloscopidae) Brazilian Sand Stargazer
Storrsia olsoni
(Blenniiformes Dactyloscopidae) Olson's Sand
Stargazer
Labrisomus cricota
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Mock Blenny
Malacoctenus brunoi
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Trinidade Blenny
Malacoctenus lianae
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Noronha Scaly
Blenny
Malacoctenus zaluari
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Rusty Scaly Blenny
Paraclinus arcanus
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Enigmatic Blenny
Paraclinus rubicundus
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Reddish Brazilian
Blenny
Paraclinus spectator
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Sailfin Brazilian
Blenny
Starksia brasiliensis
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Brazilian Blenny
Starksia multilepis
(Blenniiformes Labrisomidae) Manyscaled Blenny
Enneanectes smithi
(Blenniiformes Tripterygiidae) Saint Paul's
Blenny
Symphurus kyaropterygium
(Carangiformes Cynoglossidae) Brazilian
Tonguefish
Paralichthys brasiliensis
(Carangiformes Paralichthyidae) Brazilian
Flounder
Hemigrammus diagonicus
(Characiformes Characidae)
Gramma brasiliensis
(Cichliformes Grammatidae) Brazilian Basslet
Opistognathus brasiliensis
(Cichliformes Opistognathidae) Darkfin Jawfish
Opistognathus cuvierii
(Cichliformes Opistognathidae) Bartail Jawfish
Opistognathus thionyi
(Cichliformes Opistognathidae) Thiony's Jawfish
Opistognathus vicinus
(Cichliformes Opistognathidae) Brazilian Dusky
Jawfish
Chromis flavicauda
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Cobalt Chromis
Chromis jubauna
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Brazilian Chromis
Stegastes fuscus
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Brazilian Damsel
Stegastes rocasensis
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Rocas Gregory
Stegastes uenfi
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Gray Damselfish
Stegastes variabilis
(Cichliformes Pomacentridae) Cocoa Damselfish
Anchoa pectoralis
(Clupeiformes Engraulidae) Bigfin Anchovy
Acyrtus pauciradiatus
(Gobiesociformes Gobiesocidae) Noronha Clingfish
Acyrtus simon (Gobiesociformes Gobiesocidae)
Thiony's Clingfish
Tomicodon australis
(Gobiesociformes Gobiesocidae) Dwarf Clingfish
Akko dionaea (Gobiiformes Gobiidae)
Barbulifer enigmaticus
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Goateed Goby
Bathygobius brasiliensis
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Noronha Frillfin Goby
Elacatinus figaro
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Barber Goby
Elacatinus phthirophagus
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Noronha Cleaner Goby
Elacatinus pridisi
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Trinidade Cleaner Goby
Gobiosoma alfiei
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Alfie's Goby
Lythrypnus brasiliensis
(Gobiiformes Gobiidae) Harlequin Goby
Cerdale fasciata
(Gobiiformes Microdesmidae) Striped Wormfish
Apogon americanus
(Kurtiformes Apogonidae) Brazilian Flamefish
Lophotus machadoi
(Lampriformes Lophotidae)
Pseudogilbia australis
(Ophidiiformes Dinematichthyidae)
Ophidion zavalai + (Ophidiiformes Ophidiidae)
Choranthias salmopunctatus
(Perciformes Anthiadidae) Salmon-spotted
Jewelfish
Odontanthias cauoh
(Perciformes Anthiadidae) Red Jewelfish
Tosanoides aphrodite
(Perciformes Anthiadidae) Aphrodite Anthias
Bodianus brasiliensis
(Perciformes Labridae)
Halichoeres brasiliensis
(Perciformes Labridae) Brazilian Wrasse
Halichoeres penrosei
(Perciformes Labridae) Brazilian Clown Wrasse
Halichoeres rubrovirens
(Perciformes Labridae) Trinidade Wrasse
Halichoeres sazimai
(Perciformes Labridae) Sazima's Wrasse
Scarus trispinosus
(Perciformes Labridae) Greenback Parrotfish
Scarus zelindae
(Perciformes Labridae) Zelinda's Parrotfish
Sparisoma amplum
(Perciformes Labridae) Reef Parrotfish
Sparisoma axillare
(Perciformes Labridae) Gray Parrotfish
Sparisoma rocha
(Perciformes Labridae) Trinidade Parrotfish
Sparisoma tuiupiranga
(Perciformes Labridae) Tuiupiranga Parrotfish
Thalassoma noronhanum
(Perciformes Labridae) Noronha Wrasse
Xyrichtys incandescens
(Perciformes Labridae) Brazilian Razorfish
Pontinus corallinus
(Perciformes Scorpaenidae) Rio Scorpionfish
Scorpaena petricola
(Perciformes Scorpaenidae) Rocky Scorpionfish
Serranus aliceae
(Perciformes Serranidae) Alice's Basslet
Peristedion altipinne
(Perciformes Triglidae)
Hyperoglyphe macrophthalma
(Scombriformes Centrolophidae)
Notarius parmocassis
(Siluriformes Ariidae)
Halicampus vittatus
(Syngnathiformes Syngnathidae)
Micrognathus erugatus
(Syngnathiformes Syngnathidae) Starred Pipefish
Sphoeroides camila + (Tetraodontiformes Tetraodontidae) Southern Bandtail Puffer
Schroederichthys saurisqualus
(Carcharhiniformes Atelomycteridae) Lizard Catshark
Galeus mincaronei
(Carcharhiniformes Pentanchidae) Southern Sawtail Catshark
Hypanus berthalutzae
(Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae) Lutz's Stingray
Hypanus marianae
(Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae) Brazilian Large-eyed Stingray
Dipturus mennii
(Rajiformes Rajidae) Menni's Skate
Squalus albicaudus
(Squaliformes Squalidae) Brazilian Whitetail
Dogfish
Squatina varii (Squatiniformes Squatinidae) Vari's Angel Shark
Additional deep-sea species (below 200 m) recorded only from Brazil:
Verilus costai
(Acropomatiformes Malakichthyidae)
Myroconger pietschi
(Anguilliformes Myrocongridae)
Synaphobranchus calvus
(Anguilliformes Synaphobranchidae)
Physiculus cirm
(Gadiformes Moridae)
Barathronus linsi
(Ophidiiformes Bythitidae)
Saccogaster parva
(Ophidiiformes Bythitidae)
Sciadonus alphacrucis
(Ophidiiformes Bythitidae)
Sciadonus robinsorum
(Ophidiiformes Bythitidae)
Luciobrotula brasiliensis
(Ophidiiformes Ophidiidae)
Neobythites braziliensis
(Ophidiiformes Ophidiidae)
Leucogrammolycus brychios
(Perciformes Zoarcidae) Whiteline Eelpout
Pachycara alepidotum
(Perciformes Zoarcidae)
Polymixia carmenae + (Polymixiiformes Polymixiidae) Brazilian Beardfish
Eustomias antea + (Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Eustomias bertrandi + (Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Eustomias curtifilis
(Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Eustomias ignotus
(Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Eustomias lucenae + (Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Eustomias ophioglossa + (Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Okamejei picta + (Stomiiformes Stomiidae)
Centrodraco oregonus
(Syngnathiformes Draconettidae) Brazilian Slope
Dragonet
Parmaturus angelae
(Carcharhiniformes Pentanchidae) Brazilian Filetail Catshark
Scyliorhinus cabofriensis
(Carcharhiniformes Scyliorhinidae) Cabo Frio Catshark
Gurgesiella dorsalifera
(Rajiformes Gurgesiellidae) Onefin Skate
Malacoraja obscura
(Rajiformes Rajidae) Brazilian Soft Skate
Squalus bahiensis
(Squaliformes Squalidae) Northeastern Brazilian
Dogfish
Benthobatis kreffti
(Torpediniformes Narcinidae) Krefft's Blind
Numbfish
Hydrolagus matallanasi
(Chimaeriformes Chimaeridae) Striped Rabbitfish
Eptatretus menezesi
(Myxiniformes Myxinidae) Santa Catarina Hagfish
Myxine sotoi (Myxiniformes Myxinidae)
Brazilian Hagfish