Egypt
Mammals
found only in
Egypt include Flower's
White-toothed Shrew (GBIF)
(p. 33 of World
Bank pdf)
and
the Egyptian Pygmy White-toothed Shrew (ResearchGate). The Egyptian Weasel (ARKive
WM) is sometimes considered a full species distinct from the
Least Weasel.
The Pale Gerbil (ARKive
WM) is also frequently recognized as an endemic species.
Reptiles unique to Egypt include the Egyptian Egg-eating Snake Dasypeltis bazi (Reptile
Database), the Obscure Cobra Naja obscura (OpenEditions Books), the Mount Sinai Lizard Mesalina bahaeldini
(iNaturalist),
and
the Bishari Dwarf Gecko Tropiocolotes
bisharicus
(ARKive
WM) (iNaturalist).
The
Nile Valley Toad (IUCN)
(Egypt's
Biodiversity) is an endemic amphibian.
Freshwater fish exclusive to Egypt
include Coptodon
ismailiaensis (GBIF),
Oreochromis
ismailiaensis (GBIF),
and two undescribed species of Haplochromis (p. 10
of worldfish.de WM
pdf and p. 10 of worldfish.de WM
pdf).
Marine
fish known
only from Egyptian
waters include a jawfish
Stalix davidsheni
(FishBase),
the gobies Hetereleotris
semisquamata (GBIF)
and Tomiyamichthys dorsostigma
(FishBase), a dragonet Diplogrammus
gruveli (ResearchGate),
the Softcoral Sea Horse Hippocampus
debelius (FishBase)
(IUCN),
the Sinai Goatfish Parupeneus
sinai (FishBase),
a wormfish Paragunnellichthys
springeri (fig. 14.7g on p. 15 of reef.org
pdf), a
sweeper Parapriacanthus
sharm (FishBase),
a sole Aseraggodes
macronasus (FishBase),
a moray Uropterygius genie (GBIF), the Slender Blenny Adelotremus leptus (GBIF), Bauchot's Stargazer (BHL), and the Alexandrine Torpedo (p. 27 of NIOF pdf).
Endemic insects
include the Sinai Baton Blue (IUCN)
(leps.it),
the Sinai Hairstreak
(Egypt's
Biodiversity), the moths Meganola gallicola (BOLD)
and Autoba beraudi
(p. 65 of EAJBSA
pdf), the
grasshoppers Sphodromerus
atakanus (OSF)
and Crinita nigripes
(p. 16 of EAJBSA
pdf),
the ants Tetramorium
salwae (Ants
of Egypt) and Cataglyphis
agostii (AntWiki),
the bees Amegilla
argophenax (zobodat
pdf) and Anthophora
shoumarae (figs. 43-45 at EAJBSA
pdf), a digger wasp Philanthus
pulawskii (GBIF),
the ground beetles Laemostenus sinaiticus
(ResearchGate)
and Clivina kochi (GBIF),
the longhorned beetles Agapanthia
fadli
and Crossotomus tamer
(both on p. 15 of SSNR WM
pdf), a rove beetle Micrillus aegyptiacus
(p. 32 of
naturkundemuseum-bw.de
WM
pdf),
a diving beetle Copelatus ibrahimi
(p. 90 of EBBSoc
pdf), a leaf beetle Coptocephala
dilatipes (Smithsonian),
a
skin beetle Thorictus
munganasti (dermestidae.com WM),
an ant flower beetle Anthelephila
alfierii (p. 15 of EAJBSA
pdf),
a
weevil Cionus laibalei
(GBIF),
and a bee fly Thyridanthrax
elegansoides (GBIF).
Additional
endemic invertebrates include a flattie spider Selenops bastet (araneae),
a wolf spider Hogna
sinaia (fig. 222 at naturalsciences.be
pdf),
a ladybird spider Eresus pharaonis (BHL), a
centipede Asanada
sinaitica (BHL),
the
scorpions
Microbuthus
flavorufus (CalPhotos)
and Leiurus aegyptiacus (Scorpion Files) and Buthus adrianae
(museoscienzebergamo.it
WM
pdf), the solifuges Barrus
letourneiai (BHL)
and Galeodes sericeus
(BHL),
a freshwater shrimp Palaemon
migratorius (GBIF),
an earthworm Gordiodrilus
siwaensis (BHL),
the freshwater snails Pettancylus
pallaryi (IUCN)
(figs. 12-14 at BHL)
and Pettancylus
lhotelleriei (IUCN)
(figs. 15-21 at BHL),
and a
freshwater mussel Chambardia
letourneuxi (MUSSELp). Two
families of
flatworms, the Ditremageniidae (Marine
Species WM) and the
Opisthogeniidae (WoRMS)
(Turbellarian
Taxonomic Database WM), are known only by single type
specimens
collected in the Suez Canal in 1924.
Egypt's 31 endemic species of vascular plants (ResearchGate)
include
Golden Wickweed Phlomis
aurea (Egypt's
Biodiversity) (IUCN),
the
Sinai Primrose Evotrochis involucrata (POWO),
the Sinai Wild Rose
Rosa
arabica (IUCN)
(iNaturalist),
Pancratium
arabicum (Rufford),
an oregano Origanum
isthmicum (Flora
of Israel), a henbane Hyoscyamus
boveanus (POWO),
Astragalus fresenii
(POWO)
(iNaturalist),
Anarrhinum
pubescens (IUCN),
Bufonia multiceps
(IUCN)
(iNaturalist),
the
campions Silene
oreosinaica (ResearchGate)
and Silene leucophylla
(iNaturalist)
and Silene schimperiana
(p. 26 of Rufford pdf),
Euphorbia
obovata (IUCN)
(iNaturalist),
Sonchus
macrocarpus (GBIF),
Micromeria serbaliana
(iNaturalist),
Ballota
kaiseri (JSTOR),
a
saltbush Atriplex
nilotica (GBIF),
and Tephrosia kassasii (JSTOR).
Fungi
known only from Egypt include Chaetopsina
aquatica (Phytotaxa)
(PLAZI).
Endemic non-vascular plants include a moss Tortula kneuckeri (GBIF).
Portions of Egypt are included in the Mediterranean Basin
biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity
Hotspots WM)
and the Red Sea and
Gulf of Aden coral reef
hotspot (Columbia
Univ. WM pdf).
For more information
on Egypt's natural history and
ecosystems see (Egypt's
Biodiversity). Endemic spider species are indicated at (Internet
Archive).