French Guiana

Freshwater fish unique to French Guiana include the tetras Creagrutus planquettei (INPN) and Serrapinnus littoris (fig. 9 at Vertebrate Zoology), Myleus knerii (fig. 5 at BHL), the killifishes Laimosemion cladophorus (It Rains Fish) and Anablepsoides gaucheri (INPN), a glass knifefish Eigenmannia guchereauae (ResearchGate), and several catfishes: Harttiella longicauda (INPN), Peckoltia capitulata (PlanetCatfish), Guyanancistrus longispinis (INPN), Corydoras approuaguensis (INPN), Mastiglanis durantoni (ResearchGate), and Paralithoxus boujardi (ScotCat). The Snub-nose Snake Eel Kertomichthys blastorhinos (Google Books) (GBIF) is the only member of a marine genus known by a single specimen taken off French Guiana.

Amphibians found solely in French Guiana include the caecilians Microcaecilia dermatophaga (PLOS ONE), Microcaecilia unicolor (iNaturalist), and Caecilia museugoeldi (Species New to Science), the Central Coast Stubfoot Frog Atelopus franciscus (atelopus.com WM), the stubfoot frogs Atelopus barbotini (CalPhotos) and Atelopus vermiculatus (BHL), a glass frog Hyalinobatrachium tricolor (iNaturalist), Pristimantis espedeus (AmphibiaWeb), a tree frog Scinax jolyi (iNaturalist), and several rocket frogs: Anomaloglossus blanci (GBIF), Anomaloglossus degranvillei (ResearchGate), and Anomaloglossus dewynteri (ResearchGate).

The Cayenne Nightjar (Neotropical Birds WM) (ResearchGate) is known by a single specimen.

Butterflies exclusive to French Guiana include Argyrogrammana chicomendesi (SEAG), Antirrhea ornata (iNaturalist), Siderus nouraguensis (iNaturalist), Chloreuptychia amethysta (galerie-insecte.org), Panacea bleuzeni (iNaturalist), Dynamine laugieri (BOLD), Aponarope beneluzi (INPN), Heliconius lalitae (Butterflies of America), Mesosemia esmeralda (iNaturalist),and Strephonota bicolorata (Butterflies of America). Endemic moths include Orotermes monstrosa (p. 10 of SLS pdf), a tiger moth Phaeomolis tavakiliani (Arctiidae de Guyane Française WM) and a geometrid moth Oospila poirieri (iNaturalist).

Other endemic insects include the dragonflies Micrathyria wasscheri (libellules-guyane.net WM) and Navicordulia tumucurakensis (GBIF), the longhorn beetles Physopleurus tritomicros (iNaturalist) and Ctenodes guianensis (INPN), a masked chafer Cyclocephala toulgoeti (iNaturalist), the ground beetles Eucheila mirifica (KMK pdf) and Guyanemorpha spectabilis (ResearchGate), a click beetle Platycrepidius interruptus (SEAG), a clown beetle Baconia katieae (Sci-News WM), a scarab beetle Gymnetis rhaegali (GBIF), the tiger beetles Ctenostoma brulei and Ctenostoma dalensi (both on p. 17 of SEAG pdf), a false-form beetle Guyanemorpha spectabilis (ZooKeys), the weevils Rhynchoneus giuglarisi (Entomofauna Guyane WM) and Crassocopturus guyanensis (p. 88 of SEAG pdf), a mantis Microphotina viridula (GBIF), a treehopper Heteronotus modestus (iNaturalist), a lantern bug Odontoptera toulgoeti (INPN), a plant bug Cyrtotylus henryi (AZARA pdf), a cicada Selymbria guianensis (Semantic Scholar), an ant Azteca andreae (ResearchGate), the stick insects Paraprisopus multicolorus (PLAZI) and Jeremiodes guianensis (iNaturalist), a cricket Eneoptera guyanensis (iNaturalist), and a grasshopper Copiocera portentosa (GBIF).

Other endemic invertebrates include the tarantulas Ephebopus cyanognathus (iNaturalist) and Neostenotarsus guianensis (birdspiders.com WM), a curtain-web spider Harmonicon oiapoqueae (iNaturalist), a jumping spider Eustiromastix guianae (ZooKeys), a whip spider Charinus bromeliaea (GBIF), an armored trapdoor spider Idiops opifex (GBIF), the harvestmen Neogovea virginie (GBIF) and Cynorta sigillata (iNaturalist), the scorpions Guyanochactas flavus (ResearchGate) and Ananteris kalina (ZooKeys), a millipede Orthoporus lomonti (flickr), a centipede Schendylops tropicus (CHILOBASE) (BHL), an earthworm Martiodrilus gaucheri (GBIF), and several land snails: Cyclopedus anselini (INPN), Neocyclotus arataiensis (INPN), Scolodonta lutea (INPN), Alcadia pellucida (iNaturalist), and Pseudosubulina theoripkeni (INPN).

Among about 150 vascular plant species endemic to French Guiana (see IRD pdf) are the orchids Epidendrum foulquieri (ResearchGate), Phragmipedium guianense (INPN), Vanilla corinnae (ResearchGate), Dichaea virginalis (IOSPE WM), Maxillaria ventricosa (ResearchGate), Octomeria purpurascens (fig. 2B at ResearchGate), and Palmorchis pabstii (Flore de Guyane). Other endemic plants include a palm Asterogyne guianensis (Palmpedia), a bromeliad Bromelia agavifolia (Flore de Guyane), Goeppertia dilabens (lachaussetterouge.fr WM), Ruellia schnellii (Flore de Guyane), Disciphania moriorum (NYBG), Ombrophytum guayanensis (ResearchGate), Rhodostemonodaphne saulensis (NYBG), Voyria bicolor (ResearchGate), Palicourea granvillei (INPN), Matelea gracieae (NYBG), Lecythis pneumatophora (iNaturalist), Anemopaegma kawense (ResearchGate), Xanthosoma nodosum (iNaturalist), Rudgea billietiae (Flore de Guyane), Laxoplumeria aberrans (iNaturalist), and Anthurium moonenii (Trésor Rainforest WM).

Trees known only from French Guiana include Vantanea maculicarpa (Species New to Science), Pouteria benai (ARKive WM), Coussarea granvillei (Flore de Guyane), Miconia sastrei (INPN), Tapirira bethanniana (INPN), Virola kwatae (INPN), Guatteria ouregou (iNaturalist), Sloanea erythrocarpa (fig. 22b at MNHN pdf), Zygia sabatieri (Pl@ntNet), Qualea tricolor (fig. 60b at MNHN pdf), Rinorea pectinosquamata (Flore de Guyane), Homalolepis morettii (fig. 56a at MNHN pdf), Lecythis pneumatophora (Flore de Guyane), Eugenia morii (Flore de Guyane), and Caraipa parvifolia (lachaussetterouge.fr WM).

Endemic vascular plant genera include Degranvillea (Flore de Guyane), Cremersia (Flore de Guyane), Graciemoriana (INPN) (iNaturalist), and Hekkingia (JSTOR) (ResearchGate).

Endemic fungi include Polyporus minutosquamosus (Semantic Scholar) and Nectria septospora (GBIF). Endemic lichens include Astrothelium cayennense (figs. D-F at ResearchGate) and Mazaediothecium uniseptatum (fig. 1 at ResearchGate). Endemic non-vascular plants include a moss Vesicularia eligiana (GBIF).

Most of French Guiana is part of the Guianan Moist Forests terrestrial ecoregion (EoE) and the Guianas freshwater ecoregion (FEOW WM). French Guiana is an overseas region of France. The Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel provides lists of endemic animals (INPN) and endemic plants (INPN).