Kenya

Primates unique to Kenya include the Tana River Mangabey (ARKive WM) and the Tana River Red Colobus (iNaturalist). The Hirola (iNaturalist) is an endemic genus of antelope following its extirpation from Somalia. Other endemic mammals include the Golden-rumped Sengi (IUCN), the Aberdare Mole Shrew Surdisorex norae (Shrew WM), the Nyanza Serotine (PLAZI), Trujillo's Yellow Bat (BHL), the Afroalpine Vlei Rat (Wikimedia Commons), the Mount Kenya Wood Mouse (iNaturalist), the Short-snouted Thicket Rat (GBIF), the Zena Brush-furred Rat (GBIF) (iNaturalist), and the Mount Kenya Duiker (iNaturalist). Mammals that appear to be undescribed species include the Boni Giant Sengi (fig. 2 at Sengis pdf), the Taita Mountain Dwarf Galago (EurekAlert! WM) and the Taita Tree Hyrax (Animals of Taita). The Mountain Bongo (Oryx) is an endemic subspecies.

Birds found only in Kenya include Jackson's Francolin (eBird), the Brown-and-white Barbet (eBird), the Aberdare Cisticola (eBird), the Tana River Cisticola (fig. 2 at Google Books), William's Lark (eBird), Sharpe’s Longclaw (eBird), Hinde’s Babbler (eBird), the Taita Thrush (eBird), Clarke's Weaver (Rainbirder), the Taita Apalis (East African), the Taita White-eye (Lars Petersson), the Kikuyu White-eye (eBird), and the Kulal White-eye (top at ResearchGate).

Reptiles restricted to Kenya include the Kenya Montane Viper (CalPhotos), the Mount Kenya Bush Viper (IUCN), the Kenya Horned Viper (CalPhotos), the Malindi Centipede-eater (Google Books), the Meru Tree Snake (iNaturalist), a worm snake Epacrophis drewesi (CAS), the Mbeere Gracile Blind Snake (ResearchGate), the Mount Kenya Hornless Chameleon (iNaturalist), the Mount Nyiro Bearded Chameleon (iNaturalist), the Taita Hills Blade-horned Chameleon (iNaturalist), the Mount Kinangop Alpine Chameleon (Reptile Database), the Mount Kulal Stump-nosed Chameleon (flickr), the Mount Kenya Alpine Meadow Lizard (lacerta.de), the Turkana Shield-backed Ground Lizard (lacerta.de), the Elmenteita Rock Agama (iNaturalist), the Ngong Agama (iNaturalist), the Lake Turkana Gecko (iNaturalist), the Kenya Forest Gecko (GBIF), the Mount Kenya Dwarf Gecko (iNaturalist), the Tsavo Snake-eyed Skink (GBIF), and the Lake Turkana Hinged Terrapin (iNaturalist).

Amphibians found nowhere else include the Bladder Reed Frog (IUCN), the Shimba Hills Reed Frog (ARKive WM), the Montane Reed Frog (AmphibiaWeb), Lonnberg's Toad (iNaturalist), the Turkana Toad (iNaturalist), the Mount Elgon Torrent Frog (Mongabay), Gallmann's Sand Frog (p. 37 of Kenya Reptile Atlas WM pdf), the Irangi Puddle Frog (African Amphibians WM), the Kakamega Puddle Frog (ResearchGate), the Taita Warty Frog (ResearchGate), the Kinangop Dainty Frog (iNaturalist), the Sagalla Caecilian (IUCN), Spawls' Boolee (GBIF), and the Taita Caecilian (IUCN). The Mount Kenya Forest Toad Kenyaphrynoides (Oxford) is an endemic genus.

Freshwater fish exclusive to Kenya include the Tana Squeaker (PlanetCatfish), the catfishes Chiloglanis devosi (iNaturalist) and Amphilius athiensis (ResearchGate), the Elongate Killifish (WildNothos), the Kikambala Killifish (WildNothos), the Athi Sardine (FishBase), the Tana Sardine (ResearchGate), the Ewaso Nyiro Labeo (FishBase), Garra alticauda (fig. 5 at ResearchGate), the Rhinofish (GBIF) (FishBase), and the elephantfishes Marcusenius devosi (Mormyridae WM) and Petrocephalus tanensis (FishBase) and Mormyrus tenuirostris (iNaturalist). Some cichlids such as Xystichromis phytophagus (Cichlid-forum.com) and Haplochromis maxillaris (Cichlid Room Companion) that were once widespread in Lake Victoria may now survive only in satellite lakes such as Lake Kanyaboli.

Marine fishes known only from Kenya include the Mombasa Pencil Wrasse Pseudojuloides edwardi (ResearchGate), the Shimoni Sweeper Pempheris shimoni (FishBase), and an eel-blenny Rusichthys plesiomorphus (GBIF). Kenyaconger heemstrai (p. 15 of Zootaxa pdf) is an endemic genus of conger eel.

Butterflies restricted to Kenya include Charaxes baileyi (BOLD), Charaxes nandina (Albertine Rift Butterflies WM), Aslauga gallmannae (p. 2 of Michel Libert WM pdf), Spialia kituina (p. 110 of museums.or.ke pdf) (GBIF), Stugeta carpenteri (p. 10 of Metamorphosis pdf), Iolaus gatamaiyu (ResearchGate), Cymothoe teita (p. 53 of museums.or.ke pdf), Pseudathyma nzoia (IUCN), and Abantis meru (IUCN). Endemic moths include a saturniid moth Lobobunaea sorangei (iNaturalist) (Afromoths) and a grass-miner moth Perittia gnoma (GBIF).

Other endemic insects include the Kenya Dancing-jewel (ADDO WM), the longhorn beetles Evgenius puchneri (iNaturalist) and Acutandra quentini (ResearchGate), the scarabs Eurypeza aurora (GBIF) and Engistanoxia dessertineae (Hannetons WM), a flower beetle Porphyronota chireyi (GBIF), a jewel beetle Agrilus njugunai (GBIF), a vivid metallic ground beetle Chlaenius pseudocruciatus (p. 31 of ZOBODAT pdf), a caterpillar hunter Calosoma masaicum (iNaturalist), the katydids Afroanthracites pommeri (GBIF) and Horatosphaga sabuk (ResearchGate), a grasshopper Duviardia vansomereni (iNaturalist), a cricket Scapsipedus icipe (ICIPE WM), a mantis Afrothespis kenyana (ResearchGate), the ants Proceratium sokoke (AntWiki) and Tetraponera redacta (GBIF), the bees Calloprosopis magnifica (WaspWeb WM) and Schwarzia gretae (WaspWeb WM), and a wingless ensign wasp Papatuka (or Zeuxevania) alamunyiga (GBIF). The Frightful Hairy Fly Mormotomyia hirsuta (BBC) (BioOne) is the sole member of an endemic family, the Mormotomyiidae.

Other endemic invertebrates include a baboon spider Pterinochilus raygabrieli (BAS WM pdf), a jumping spider Myrmarachne kitale (BHL), a telmid spider Guhua kakamegaensis (ZooKeys), the scorpions Gint childsi (iNaturalist) and Neobuthus kloppersi (Saruni WM), a harvestman Aberdereca parva (Fig. 22 at UFRJ pdf), a millipede Parabolus calceus (GBIF), the crabs Potamonautes jeanneli (GBIF) and Leucisca halimedophila (GBIF), a freshwater shrimp Caridina lumilympha (PLAZI), an earthworm Polytoreutus annulatus (fig. 3A at BHL), a marine whelk Bullia sendersi (Eddie Hardy), the freshwater snails Incertihydrobia teesdalei (fig. e at Google Books) and Burnupia crassistriata (fig. d at Google Books), and several land snails: Zingis radiolata (ARKive WM), Streptostele fallooni (africamuseum.be), Lauria desiderata (fig. 16 at BHL), Truncatellina arboricola (museum.wales), Africarion orestias (fig. 15 at BHL), and Gulella mkuu (ResearchGate). A family of marine crustaceans, the Apseudellidae (GBIF) (USM WM), is known only from specimens collected in Kenyan waters.

Among the 467 vascular plants known solely from Kenya (PhytoKeys) are a giant groundsel Dendrosenecio keniodendron (Wikipedia), Lobelia bambuseti (iNaturalist), the Taita African Violet (Forestry Images), Aloe classenii (IUCN), Acridocarpus taitensis (ResearchGate), Dorstenia christenhuszii (East African Plants WM), Zehneria monocarpa (ResearchGate), Barleria robertsoniae (IUCN), Monadenium yattanum (Bihrmann's Caudiciforms), Marsilea fadeniana (PCC), Megalochlamys tanaensis (IUCN), Ceropegia verticillata (East African Plants WM), Afrohybanthus (or Pigea) fasciculatus (IUCN), Dracaena pinguicula (Wikipedia), Aneilema tanaense (Smithsonian), Huernia archeri (huernia.com WM), Peponium elgonense (fig. 2A at PhytoKeys), Impatiens hoehnelii (iNaturalist), Bothriocline nyiruensis (IUCN), Anisotes ukambensis (IUCN), Sedum keniense (fig. 3K at MDPI), and the orchids Polystachya piersii (Orchids Forum WM) and Holothrix pentadactyla (IOSPE WM).

Trees known only from Kenya include the Parasol Tree (Useful Tropical Plants), the Meru Oak (GTC WM), Uvariodendron schmidtii (PhytoKeys), Euphorbia tanaensis (IUCN), Croton alienus (iNaturalist), Bauhinia mombassae (ARKive WM), Xylopia keniensis (GBIF), Commiphora oblongifolia (twitter WM), Meineckia ovata (fig. 4D at PhytoKeys), Parkinsonia anacantha (JSTOR), Cola octoloboides (p. 22 of CBSG pdf), Pavetta teitana (iNaturalist), Psychotria petitii (East African Plants WM), Vepris robertsoniae (ResearchGate), Pandanus kajui (African Plants WM), and a cycad Encephalartos tegulaneus (POWO).

Endemic vascular plant genera include Kenyacanthus (ResearchGate) (iNaturalist), Allmaniopsis (JSTOR) (Google Books), and Dibrachionostylus (JSTOR).

Endemic lichens include Lecanora mugambii (100 New Lichens WM) and Micarea stellaris (phys.org). Fungi known only from Kenya include Fuscoporia kenyana (PLAZI) and Marasmius afrosulphureus (FFTA). Endemic non-vascular plants include the mosses Bryosedgwickia barlassinae (GBIF) and Dicranella grandispora (GBIF) and the liverworts Lejeunea kuerschneriana (ResearchGate) and Scapania hedbergii (GBIF).

Portions of Kenya are part of the following biodiversity hotspots: the Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa (Biodiversity Hotspots WM), the Eastern Afromontane (Biodiversity Hotspots WM), and the Horn of Africa (Biodiversity Hotspots WM). Important freshwater ecoregions for endemic species include Lake Victoria (IUCN WM pdf) and the Tana, Athi & Coastal Drainages (FEOW WM). For an overview of Kenya's biodiversity see (Univ. York pdf). Endemic spider species are indicated at (African Invertebrates).